Novel anion exchange resins from vinyl, alkyl, ring-containing-nitrogen-carbon-heterocyclic polymers and process for producing the same

Abstract

Abstract Anion exchange resins consisting of a quarternary ammonium base or salt of a copolymer of a vinyl - alkyl substituted, nitrogen - containing heterocyclic compound, in which one of the hydrogen atoms of at least one alkyl group has been replaced by a tertiary amine group, and an organic compound containing more than one unsaturated group and which copolymer contains at least one quaternary ammonium group per heterocyclic unit may be made by (1) copolymerizing a vinyl-alkyl substituted nitrogencontaining heterocyclic compound and an organic monomer containing more than one unsaturated group, and then subjecting the resulting copolymer to halogenation, amination and quaternization, or by (2) directly copolymerizing a quaternized salt of the above heterocyclic compound with the organic monomer. In (1) the halogenation, amination, and quaternization steps may be carried out in any order provided that amination is subsequent to halogenation. The polymerization may be effected in aqueous emulsion or organic solvent in the presence of a polymerization catalyst. Heterocyclic compounds mentioned are 2-methyl-5-, 2 - ethyl - 5 - , 3 - methyl - 5 - , 2,3 - dimethyl - 5 -, 2 - methyl - 3 - ethyl - 5 - vinyl pyridine, and vinylpyridines substituted in the ring with other alkyl groups such as propyl, isopropyl, butyl, isobutyl or octyl. The organic monomer may be di-, tri-, or tetravinyl benzene, divinyl toluenes, xylenes, naphthalenes or diphenyls, divinyl sulphone, divinyl ketone, vinyl maleate, vinyl acrylate, vinyl methacrylate, vinyl ethacrylate, divinyl oxalate, divinyl maleate, divinyl malonate, divinyl succinate, diethylene glycol dimethacrylate, ethylene glycol dimethacrylate, diethylene glycol diacrylate, glycerine dimethacrylate, ethylene glycol diacrylate, or divinyl acetylene. The halogenation step, i.e. chlorination or bromination, is preferably effected in an inert non-aqueous solvent for the copolymer, e.g. carbon tetrachloride or glacial acetic acid, in the presence of ultra-violet light. The amination of the halogenated copolymer is achieved by reaction with a t.-amine or t.-alkanolamine in aqueous or non-aqueous solvents. Specified amines are triethyl and tripropyl amines, dimethylethylamine, diethylcyclohexylamine, diphenylethylamine, benzyldimethylamine, and diethylethanolamine. The quaternization may be effected in an aqueous or non-aqueous solvent. Quaternizing agents mentioned are ethyl chloride, bromide and iodide, dialkyl sulphates, epichlorohydrin, methyl toluene sulphonate and methyl benzene sulphonate. Suitable polymerization catalysts are oxygen, benzoyl peroxide, lauroyl peroxide, di-(t.-alkyl) peroxides, and potassium persulphate.

Inventors

• 👤 Albert H Greer

Bibliographic Details