Anion exchange resins and method of treating mineral oils

Claim 1

A METHOD OF PREPARING ANION-EXCHANGE MATERIAL WHICH COMPRISES ESTABLISHING AN AQUEOUS SOLUTION OF THE HYDROCHLORIDE NITROGENOUS CONDENSATION MATERIAL HAVING A THIOPHENE NUCLEUS, ADDING AN AMOUNT OF ALKALI METAL HYDROXIDE TO SAID AQUEOUS SOLUTION SUFFICIENT TO CONVERT SAID HYDROCHLORIDE TO THE FREE BASE THEREBY CONVERTING THE SOLUBLE HYDROCHLORIDE TO THE WATER-INSOLUBLE FREE BASE, SEPARATING SAID FREE BASE FROM SAID AQUEOUS SOLUTION, WATER-WASHING SAID SEPARATED FREE BASE AND HEAT-CONVERTING SAID WASHED CONDENSATION MATERIAL TO RESINOUS MATERIAL SUBSTANTIALLY INSOLUBLE IN OIL, HAVING A MOLECULAR WEIGHT OF AT LEAST 500 AND HAVING ANION-EXCHANGE CAPABILITIES, SAID SUB-RESINOUS MATERIAL IN THE HYDROCHLORIDE FORM HAVING BEEN PREPARED BY REACTING THIOPHENE, FORMALDEHYDE AND A NITROGEN-CONTAINING COMPOUND SELECTED FROM THE GROUP CONSISTING OF AMMONIA, UREA AND ETHYLENE DIAMINE IN THE PRESENCE OF AN AMOUNT OF HYDROGEN CHLORIDE STOICHIOMETRICALLY EQUIVALENT TO SAID NITROGEN-CONTAINING COMPOUND.

Claim 2

A METHOD OF PREPARING ANION-EXCHANGE MATERIAL WHICH COMPRISES ESTABLISHING AN AQUEOUS SOLUTION OF THE HYDROCHLORIDE NITROGENOUS CONDENSATION MATERIAL HAVING A THIOPHENE NUCLEUS, ADDING AN AMOUNT OF ALKALI METAL HYDROXIDE TO SAID AQUEOUS SOLUTION SUFFICIENT TO CONVERT SAID HYDROCHLORIDE TO THE FREE BASE THEREBY CONVERTING THE SOLUBLE HYDROCHLORIDE TO THE WATER-INSOLUBLE FREE BASE, SEPARATING SAID FREE BASE FROM SAID AQUEOUS SOLUTION, WATER-WASHING SAID SEPARATED FREE BASE AND HEAT-CONVERTING SAID WASHED CONDENSATION MATERIAL TO RESINOUS MATERIAL SUBSTANTIALLY INSOLUBLE IN OIL, HAVING A MOLECULAR WEIGHT OF AT LEAST 500 AND HAVING ANION-EXCHANGE CAPABILITIES, SAID SUB-RESINOUS MATERIAL IN THE HYDROCHLORIDE FORM HAVING BEEN PREPARED BY REACTING THIOPHENE, FORMALDEHYDE AND A NITROGEN-CONTAINING COMPOUND SELECTED FROM THE GROUP CONSISTING OF AMMONIA, UREA AND ETHYLENE DIAMINE IN THE PRESENCE OF AN AMOUNT OF HYDROGEN CHLORIDE STOICHIOMETRICALLY EQUIVALENT TO SAID NITROGEN-CONTAINING COMPOUND.

Claim 3

A METHOD OF TREATING A FRACTION OF MINERAL OIL CONTAINING ACIDIC CONSTITUENTS RESULTING FROM A REFINING OPERATION WHICH COMPRISES CONTACTING A FRACTION OF MINERAL OIL CONTAINING ACIDIC CONSTITUENTS RESULTING FROM A REFINING OPERATION WITH ANION-EXCHANGE MATERIAL, AND SEPARATING THE SOTREATED FRACTION OF MINERAL OIL FROM THE AFORESAID ANION-EXCHANGE MATERIAL, SAID ANION-EXCHANGE MATEIAL HAVING BEEN OBTAINED BY REACTING THIOPHENE WITH ONE OF THE GROUP CONSISTING OF HEXAMETHYLENETETRAMINE AND A COMBINATION OF (1) AT LEAST ONE OF THE GROUP CONSISTING OF FORMALDEHYDE AND REVERSIBLE POLYMERS OF FORMALDEHYDE AND (2) AT LEAST ONE NITROGEN-CONTAINING COMPOUND SELECTED FROM THE GROUP UREA, AMMONIA AND ETHYLENE DIAMINE IN THE PRESENCE OF AN AMOUNT OF HYDROGEN HALIDE, THE STOICHIOMETRIC EQUIVALENT OF SAID NITROGEN COMPOUND, RECONVERING A RESINOUS ANION-EXCHANGE MATERIAL, AND CONVERTING SAID ANION-EXCHANGE MATERIAL INTO SUBSTANTIALLY OIL-INSOLUBLE ANION-EXCHANGE MATERIAL.

Claim 4

A METHOD OF TREATING A FRACTION OF MINERAL OIL CONTAINING ACIDIC CONSTITUENTS RESULTING FROM A REFINING OPERATION WHICH COMPRISES CONTACTING A FRACTION OF MINERAL OIL CONTAINING ACIDIC CONSTITUENTS RESULTING FROM A REFINING OPERATION WITH ANION-EXCHANGE MATERIAL, AND SEPARATING THE SOTREATED FRACTION OF MINERAL OIL FROM THE AFORESAID ANION-EXCHANGE MATERIAL, SAID ANION-EXCHANGE MATEIAL HAVING BEEN OBTAINED BY REACTING THIOPHENE WITH ONE OF THE GROUP CONSISTING OF HEXAMETHYLENETETRAMINE AND A COMBINATION OF (1) AT LEAST ONE OF THE GROUP CONSISTING OF FORMALDEHYDE AND REVERSIBLE POLYMERS OF FORMALDEHYDE AND (2) AT LEAST ONE NITROGEN-CONTAINING COMPOUND SELECTED FROM THE GROUP UREA, AMMONIA AND ETHYLENE DIAMINE IN THE PRESENCE OF AN AMOUNT OF HYDROGEN HALIDE, THE STOICHIOMETRIC EQUIVALENT OF SAID NITROGEN COMPOUND, RECONVERING A RESINOUS ANION-EXCHANGE MATERIAL, AND CONVERTING SAID ANION-EXCHANGE MATERIAL INTO SUBSTANTIALLY OIL-INSOLUBLE ANION-EXCHANGE MATERIAL.