Carbonization of coal in a fluidized bed

Claim 1

A METHOD FOR CARBONIZING COAL WHICH COMPRISES MAINTAINING A DENSE, TURBULENT, FLUIDIZED BED OF FINELY DIVIDED SOLIDS AT CARBONIZING CONDITIONS INCLUDING A TEMPERATURE SUITABLE FOR LOW TEMPERATURE CARBONIZATION OF THE ORDER OF 800*900*F. IN A CARBONIZATION ZONE, FEEDING FINELY DIVIDED COAL TO SAID BED, PASSING A GAS UPWARDLY THROUGH SAID BED AT A RATE SUFFICIENT TO MAINTAIN IT IN A FLUIDIZED CONDITION WHILE FORMING A WELL DEFINED UPPER LEVEL, WITHDRAWING FINELY DIVIDED PRODUCT COKE DOWNWARDLY FROM SAID BED, SUSPENDING SAID WITHDRAWN PRODUCT COKE IN AN OXIDIZING GAS RICH IN FREE OXYGEN, PASSING THE SUSPENSION FORMED IN LIGHT PHASE UPFLOW FASHION UPWARDLY THROUGH A COMBUSTION ZONE AT A TEMPERATURE OF ABOUT 900*-1600*F. BUT HIGHER THAN SAID CARBONIZATION TEMPERATURE, COMPLETELY REACTING IN SAID COMBUSTION ZONE ALL THE OXYGEN AVAILABLE IN SAID COMBUSTION ZONE WHILE LEAVING UNBURNED CARBON ON SAID COKE, THEREBY GENERATING SUFFICIENT HEAT BY COMBUSTION TO SUPPORT SAID CARBONIZATION, PASSING GASES AND ENTRAINED SOLIDS OVERHEAD FROM SAID COMBUSTION ZONE SUBSTANTIALLY AT THE TEMPERATURE OF SAID COMBUSTION ZONE DIRECTLY AND UPWARDLY INTO A LOWER PORTION OF SAID BED, SUPPLYING ALL THE HEAT REQUIRED FOR THE CARBONIZATION IN THE FORM OF THE SENSIBLE HEAT OF SAID GASES AND ENTRAINED SOLIDS PASSED OVERHEAD FROM SAID COMBUSTION ZONE, WITHDRAWING VOLATILE CARBONIZATION PRODUCTS OVERHEAD FROM SAID LEVEL AND WITHDRAWING A SEPARATE STREAM OF PRODUCT COKE DOWNWARDLY FROM SAID BED.

Claim 2

A METHOD FOR CARBONIZING COAL WHICH COMPRISES MAINTAINING A DENSE, TURBULENT, FLUIDIZED BED OF FINELY DIVIDED SOLIDS AT CARBONIZING CONDITIONS INCLUDING A TEMPERATURE SUITABLE FOR LOW TEMPERATURE CARBONIZATION OF THE ORDER OF 800*900*F. IN A CARBONIZATION ZONE, FEEDING FINELY DIVIDED COAL TO SAID BED, PASSING A GAS UPWARDLY THROUGH SAID BED AT A RATE SUFFICIENT TO MAINTAIN IT IN A FLUIDIZED CONDITION WHILE FORMING A WELL DEFINED UPPER LEVEL, WITHDRAWING FINELY DIVIDED PRODUCT COKE DOWNWARDLY FROM SAID BED, SUSPENDING SAID WITHDRAWN PRODUCT COKE IN AN OXIDIZING GAS RICH IN FREE OXYGEN, PASSING THE SUSPENSION FORMED IN LIGHT PHASE UPFLOW FASHION UPWARDLY THROUGH A COMBUSTION ZONE AT A TEMPERATURE OF ABOUT 900*-1600*F. BUT HIGHER THAN SAID CARBONIZATION TEMPERATURE, COMPLETELY REACTING IN SAID COMBUSTION ZONE ALL THE OXYGEN AVAILABLE IN SAID COMBUSTION ZONE WHILE LEAVING UNBURNED CARBON ON SAID COKE, THEREBY GENERATING SUFFICIENT HEAT BY COMBUSTION TO SUPPORT SAID CARBONIZATION, PASSING GASES AND ENTRAINED SOLIDS OVERHEAD FROM SAID COMBUSTION ZONE SUBSTANTIALLY AT THE TEMPERATURE OF SAID COMBUSTION ZONE DIRECTLY AND UPWARDLY INTO A LOWER PORTION OF SAID BED, SUPPLYING ALL THE HEAT REQUIRED FOR THE CARBONIZATION IN THE FORM OF THE SENSIBLE HEAT OF SAID GASES AND ENTRAINED SOLIDS PASSED OVERHEAD FROM SAID COMBUSTION ZONE, WITHDRAWING VOLATILE CARBONIZATION PRODUCTS OVERHEAD FROM SAID LEVEL AND WITHDRAWING A SEPARATE STREAM OF PRODUCT COKE DOWNWARDLY FROM SAID BED.