The manufacture of new compositions of matter and of artificial filaments, fibres, sheets, films and the like therefrom

Abstract

Abstract One or more diamines containing at least one hydrogen atom attached to each nitrogen atom are interacted with one or more dicarboxylic acids or amide - forming derivatives such as anhydrides, acid halides, and esters for a time sufficient to form products capable of being drawn into continuous filaments. The diamines and dicarboxylic acids, which are preferably reacted in equimolecular proportion, are saturated bodies and so selected that the sum of their radical lengths is at least 8, but p carboxylic acids of radical length 4, amines of radical length 5 and amines containing an amino group attached to a secondary carbon atom of radical length 4 are excluded. Suitable dicarboxylic acids or their amide-forming derivatives include oxalic, malonic, methyl malonic, glutaric, adipic, pimelic, suberic, azelaic, sebacic, brassylic, tetradecanedioic, octadecanedioic, paraphenylenediacetic, hydroxyterephthalic, and pentamethylene dicarboxylic acids, dibutyl carbonate, diethyl carbonate, diphenyl carbonate, carbonyl chloride, diethyl oxalate, diethyl adipate, diphenyl sebacate, di-m-cresyl octadecanedioate, adipic anhydride, sebacic anhydride, monomethyl adipate and adipyl chloride. Suitable diamines include ethylene, tetramethylene, pentamethylene, hexamethylene, decamethylene, tridecamethylene, octadecamethylene, p-xylylene and cyclohexylene diamines. Catalysts which may be used include alkaline oxides and carbonates and halogen salts of polyvalent acids. The reaction may be carried out in the presence of inert gases such as nitrogen and of solvents such as cresol, phenol, xylenol, p-butylphenol and o-hydroxydiphenyl. Fibres may be formed from the product with or without the addition of a cellulose derivative such as nitrocellulose, cellulose acetate or ethyl cellulose by dissolving it in a suitable solvent and wet or dry spinning the solution, by extruding the molten product through a nozzle or by touching the molten product with a rod and collecting the fibre so obtained. The fibres have a strong affinity for dyes and may be dyed directly with those dyes used for wool and silk. Sheets, films, bands and ribbons may also be obtained. In examples, polyamides, and fibres derived therefrom, are prepared from (1) pentamethylenediamine and sebacic acid, (2) hexamethylenediamine and adipic acid, (4) pentamethylenediamine and ethyl hexadecamethylene dicarboxylate, (5) pentamethylenediamine and ethyl dodecamethylene dicarboxylate, (6) pentamethylenediamine and butylcarbonate, (7) hexamethylenediamine and dicresyl adipate.

Inventors

No inventors recorded.

Bibliographic Details