EP0618731A2
Expired / Lapsed
EP
⏱️ 0.0 years remaining
High efficiency encoding of picture signals
Assignee: Sony Corp
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Filing: 1994-03-31
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Granted: —
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Expires: 2014-03-31
Abstract
Abstract Picture signals are encoded so that one of a frame-based orthogonal transformation or a field-based orthogonal transformation is selected as a function of frame-based orthogonal-transformation coefficients and field-based orthogonal transformation coefficients. The coefficients representing the smallest quantity of data are selected and encoded for transmission. Alternatively, a picture signal is encoded so that one of intra-frame coding, forward inter-picture prediction, backward inter-picture prediction and bi-directional inter-picture prediction, as well as either a frame-based or field-based orthogonal transformation, are selected as a function of the respective orthogonal transformation coefficients. <IMAGE>
Inventors
- 👤 Katsumi C/O Intellectual Property Div. Tahara
- 👤 Nobuhisa C/O Intellectual Property Div. Obikane
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
EP
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-11-09 14:49
CPC Classifications
H; H04; H04N; H04N19/00; H04N19/50; H04N19/503; H04N19/51; H04N19/577; H04N19/60; H04N19/625; H04N19/10; H04N19/102; H04N19/103; H04N19/105; H04N19/112; H04N19/134; H04N19/136; H04N19/137; H04N19/61; H04N19/85
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 39
Claim 1
Independent Claim
93 words
A method of encoding picture signals comprising the steps of: arranging picture signal data into frame-formatted blocks in which odd field data alternates with even field data; orthogonally transforming said frame-formatted blocks to form frame-based coefficient data; arranging said picture signal data into field-formatted blocks, each comprising either said odd field data or said even field data; orthogonally transforming said field-formatted blocks to form field-based coefficient data; selecting one of said frame-based coefficient data and said field-based coefficient data having the smallest quantity of coefficient data; and encoding said selected data for transmission.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
15 words
A method according to claim 1, further comprising the step of quantizing said selected data.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
44 words
A method according to claim 1 or claim 2, wherein said picture signal data is arranged on a macro-block by macro-block basis into said frame-formatted blocks and into said field-formatted blocks, and wherein said selected data is selected on a macro-block by macro-block basis.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
102 words
Apparatus for encoding picture signals comprising: means for arranging picture signal data into frame-formatted blocks in which odd field data alternates with even field data; means for orthogonally transforming said frame- formatted blocks to form frame-based coefficient data; means for arranging said picture signal data into field-formatted blocks, each comprising either said odd field data or said even field data; means for orthogonally transforming said field-formatted blocks to form field-based coefficient data; means for selecting one of said frame-based coefficient data and said field-based coefficient data having the smallest quantity of coefficient data; and means for encoding said selected data for transmission.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
14 words
An apparatus according to claim 4, further comprising means for quantizing said selected data.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
44 words
An apparatus according to claim 4 or claim 5, wherein said picture signal data is arranged on a macro-block by macro-block basis into said frame-formatted blocks and into said field-formatted blocks, and wherein said selected data is selected on a macro-block by macro-block basis.
Claim 7
Independent Claim
167 words
A method of encoding picture signals comprising the steps of: arranging picture signal data into frame-formatted blocks in which odd field data alternates with even field data; orthogonally transforming said frame-formatted blocks to form arrays of frame-based coefficients, each respective array corresponding to one of said frame-formatted blocks; combining the respective magnitudes of at least a portion of each array of frame-based coefficients to form a frame-based sum; arranging said picture signal data into field-formatted blocks, each comprising one of said odd field data and said even field data; orthogonally transforming said field-formatted blocks to form arrays of field-based coefficients, each respective array corresponding to one said field-formatted blocks; combining the respective magnitudes of at least a portion of each array of field-based coefficients to form a field-based sum; selecting the arrays represented by the smallest quantity from said arrays of frame-based coefficients and said arrays of field-based coefficients as a function of said frame-based sum and said field-based sum; and encoding said selected arrays for transmission.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
39 words
A method according to claim 7, wherein said step of orthogonally transforming said frame-formatted blocks comprises discrete cosine transforming said frame-formatted blocks, and wherein said step of orthogonally transforming said field-formatted blocks comprises discrete cosine transforming said field-formatted blocks.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
63 words
A method according to claim 7 or claim 8, wherein said picture signal data include luminance data and color difference data, and wherein each of said frame-formatted blocks and each of said field-formatted blocks represents either said luminance data or said color difference data and said field-formatted blocks which represent said color difference data comprise odd field data separated from even field data.
Claim 10
Independent Claim
43 words
A method according to any one of claims 7 to 9 wherein the magnitude of a frame-based coefficient is an absolute value of the frame-based coefficient and wherein the magnitude of a field- based coefficient is an absolute value of the field-based coefficient.
Claim 11
Independent Claim
42 words
A method according to any one of claims 7 to 9 wherein the magnitude of a frame-based coefficient is a squared value of the frame-based coefficient and wherein the magnitude of a field-based coefficient is a squared value of the field-based coefficient.
Claim 12
Independent Claim
33 words
A method according to any one of claims 7 to 11 wherein said portion of each array of frame-based coefficients and said portion of each array of field-based coefficients comprise high frequency coefficients.
Claim 13
Independent Claim
30 words
A method according to any one of claims 7 to 12 wherein said frame-based coefficients are selected when said frame-based sum has a value less than a predetermined threshold value.
Claim 14
Independent Claim
47 words
A method according to any one of claims 7 to 12 wherein said frame-based coefficients are selected when said frame-based sum is of lesser value than said field-based sum; and said field-based coefficients are selected when said frame-based sum is of greater value than said field-based sum.
Claim 15
Independent Claim
64 words
A method according to any one of claims 7 to 12 wherein said frame-based coefficients are selected when: Sum, frame < Sum, field * β + α, wherein: Sum, frame = said frame-based sum, Sum, field = said field-based sum, and β , α = predetermined values; and wherein said field-based coefficients are selected when: Sum, frame ≧ Sum, field * β + α.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
187 words
Apparatus for encoding picture signals comprising: means for inputting picture signal data; means for arranging said picture signal data into frame-formatted blocks in which odd field data alternates with even field data; means for orthogonally transforming said frame-formatted blocks to form arrays of frame-based coefficients, each respective array corresponding to one of said frame-formatted blocks means for combining the respective magnitudes of at least a portion of each array of frame-based coefficients to form a frame-based sum; means for arranging said picture signal data into field-formatted blocks, each comprising one of said odd field data and said even field data; means for orthogonally transforming said field-formatted blocks to form arrays of field-based coefficients, each respective array corresponding to one said field-formatted block means for combining the respective magnitudes of at least a portion of each array of field-based coefficients to form a field-based sum; means for selecting from said arrays of frame-based coefficients and said arrays of field-based coefficients the arrays represented by the smallest quantity as a function of said frame-based sum and said field based sum; and means for encoding said selected arrays for transmission.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
39 words
An apparatus according to claim 16, wherein said means for orthogonally transforming said frame-formatted blocks comprises discrete cosine transforming said frame-formatted blocks, and wherein said means for orthogonally transforming said field-formatted blocks comprises discrete cosine transforming said field-formatted blocks.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
63 words
An apparatus according to claim 16 or claim 17, wherein said picture signal data include luminance data and color difference data, and wherein each of said frame-formatted blocks and each of said field-formatted blocks represents either said luminance data or said color difference data and said field-formatted blocks which represent said color difference data comprise odd field data separated from even field data.
Claim 19
Independent Claim
42 words
An apparatus according to any one of claims 16 to 18, wherein the magnitude of a frame-based coefficient is an absolute value of the frame-based coefficient and wherein the magnitude or a field-based coefficient is an absolute value of the field-based coefficient.
Claim 20
Independent Claim
42 words
An apparatus according to any one of claims 16 to 18 wherein the magnitude of a frame-based coefficient is a squared value of the frame-based coefficient and wherein the magnitude of a field-based coefficient is a squared value of the field-based coefficient.
Claim 21
Independent Claim
33 words
An apparatus according to any one of claims 16 to 20 wherein said portion of each array of frame-based coefficients and said portion of each array of field-based coefficients comprise high frequency coefficients.
Claim 22
Independent Claim
30 words
An apparatus according to any one of claims 16 to 21 wherein said frame-based coefficients are selected when said frame-based sum has a value less than a predetermined threshold value.
Claim 23
Independent Claim
47 words
An apparatus according to any one of claims 16 to 21 wherein said frame-based coefficients are selected when said frame-based sum is of lesser value than said field-based sum; and said field-based coefficients are selected when said frame-based sum is of greater value than said field-based sum.
Claim 24
Independent Claim
64 words
An apparatus according to any one of claims 16 to 21 wherein said frame-based coefficients are selected when: Sum, frame < Sum, field * β + α, wherein: Sum, frame = s aid frame-based sum, Sum, field = said field-based sum, and β, α = predetermined values; and wherein said field-based coefficients are selected when: Sum, frame ≧ Sum, field * β + α.
Claim 25
Independent Claim
146 words
A method of encoding successive frames of picture signals comprising the steps of: arranging picture signal data into intra-coded frame-formatted blocks and into inter-coded frame-formatted blocks in which odd field data alternates with even field data; orthogonally transforming said intra-coded frame-formatted blocks and said inter-coded frame-formatted blocks to respectively form intra-coded frame-based coefficient data and inter-coded frame-based coefficient data; arranging picture signal data into intra-coded field-formatted blocks and into inter-coded field-formatted blocks, each comprising either said odd field data or said even field data; orthogonally transforming said intra-coded field-formatted blocks and said inter-coded field-formatted blocks to respectively form intra-coded field-based coefficient data and inter-coded field-based coefficient data; selecting from said intra-coded frame-based coefficient data, said inter-coded frame-based coefficient data, said intra-coded field-based coefficient data and said inter-coded field-based coefficient data the one having the smallest quantity of coefficient data; and encoding said selected data for transmission.
Claim 26
Dependent Claim
63 words
A method according to claim 25, wherein said step of orthogonally transforming said intra-coded frame-formatted blocks and said inter-coded frame-formatted blocks comprises discrete cosine transforming said intra-coded frame-formatted blocks and said inter-coded frame-formatted blocks, and wherein said step of orthogonally transforming said intra-coded field-formatted blocks and said inter-coded field-formatted blocks comprises discrete cosine transforming said intra-coded field-formatted blocks and said inter-coded field-formatted blocks.
Claim 27
Dependent Claim
83 words
A method according to claim 25 or claim 26, wherein said picture signal data include luminance data and color difference data; wherein each of said intra-coded frame-formatted blocks, each of said inter-coded frame-formatted blocks, each of said intra-coded field-formatted blocks, and each of said inter-coded field-formatted blocks represents either said luminance data or said color difference data; and wherein said intra-coded field-formatted blocks and said inter-coded field-formatted blocks which represent said color difference data comprise odd field data separated from even field data.
Claim 28
Independent Claim
114 words
A method according to any one of claims 25 to 27 wherein said step of selecting one from said intra-coded frame-based coefficient data, said inter-coded frame-based coefficient data, said intra-coded field-based coefficient data and said inter-coded field-based coefficient data comprises the steps of: selecting one from said intra-coded frame-based coefficient data and said intra-coded field-based coefficient data having the smaller quantity of coefficient data as intra-coded coefficient data; selecting one from said inter-coded frame-based coefficient data and said inter-coded field-based coefficient data having the smaller quantity of coefficient data as inter-coded coefficient data; and selecting from said intra-coded coefficient data and said inter-coded coefficient data the one having the smaller quantity of coefficient data.
Claim 29
Independent Claim
227 words
A method of encoding successive frames of picture signals comprising the steps of: arranging picture signal data into intra-coded frame-formatted blocks and inter-coded frame-formatted blocks in which odd field data alternates with even field data; orthogonally transforming said intra-coded frame-formatted blocks and said inter-coded frame-formatted blocks to respectively form arrays of intra-coded frame-based coefficients and inter-coded frame-based coefficients; combining the respective magnitudes of at least a portion of each array of said intra-coded frame-based coefficients and said inter-coded frame-based coefficients to respectively form an intra-coded frame-based sum and an inter-coded frame-based sum; arranging picture signal data into intra-coded field-formatted blocks and inter-coded field-formatted blocks, each block comprising either said odd field data or said even field data; orthogonally transforming said intra-coded field-formatted blocks and inter-coded field-formatted blocks to respectively form arrays of intra-coded field-based coefficients and inter-coded field-based coefficients; combining the respective magnitudes of at least a portion of each array of said intra-coded field-based coefficients and said inter-coded field-based coefficients to respectively form an intra-coded field-based sum and an inter-coded field-based sum; selecting from said arrays of intra-coded frame-based coefficients, inter-coded frame-based coefficients, intra-coded field-based coefficients and inter-coded field-based coefficients the arrays represented by the smallest quantity as a function of said intra-coded frame-based sum, said inter-coded frame-based sum, said intra-coded field-based sum and said inter- coded field-based sum; and encoding said selected arrays for transmission.
Claim 30
Dependent Claim
46 words
A method according to claim 29, wherein each of the magnitude of an intra-coded frame-based coefficient, the magnitude of an inter-coded frame-based coefficient, the magnitude of an intra-coded field-based coefficient, and the magnitude of an inter-coded field-based coefficient is an absolute value of the respective coefficient.
Claim 31
Dependent Claim
46 words
A method according to claim 29, wherein each of the magnitude of an intra-coded frame-based coefficient, the magnitude of an inter-coded frame-based coefficient, the magnitude of an intra-coded field-based coefficient, and the magnitude of an inter-coded field-based coefficient is a squared value of the respective coefficient.
Claim 32
Independent Claim
55 words
A method according to any one of claims 29 to 31, wherein each of said portion of each array of intra-coded frame-based coefficients, said portion of each array of inter-coded frame- based coefficients, said portion of each array of inter-coded field-based coefficients, and said portion of each array of intra-coded field-based coefficients comprise AC coefficients,
Claim 33
Independent Claim
55 words
A method according to any one of claims 29 to 32 wherein each of said portion of each array of intra-coded frame-based coefficients, said portion of each array of inter-coded frame-based coefficients, said portion of each array of inter-coded field-based coefficients, and said portion of each array of intra-coded field-based coefficients comprise high frequency coefficients.
Claim 34
Independent Claim
177 words
A method according to any one of claims 29 to 33 wherein said step of selecting from said arrays of intra-coded frame-based coefficients, inter-coded frame-based coefficients, intra-coded field-based coefficients and inter-coded field-based coefficients comprises the steps of: selecting from said arrays of intra-coded frame-based coefficients and intra-coded field-based coefficients the arrays represented by the smallest quantity as a function of said intra-coded frame-based sum and said intra-coded field-based sum as intra-coded coefficient data and selecting the corresponding one of said intra-coded frame-based sum and said intra-coded field-based sum as an intra-coded sum; selecting from said arrays of inter-coded frame-based coefficients and inter-coded field-based coefficients the arrays represented by the smallest quantity as a function of said inter-coded frame-based sum and said inter-coded field-based sum as inter-coded coefficient data and selecting the corresponding one of said inter-coded frame-based sum and said inter-coded field-based sum as an inter-coded sum; and selecting from said intra-coded coefficient data and said inter-coded coefficient data the arrays represented by the smallest quantity as a function of said intra-coded sum and said inter-coded sum.
Claim 35
Dependent Claim
61 words
A method according to claim 34, wherein said intra-coded frame-based coefficients are selected as said intra-coded coefficient data when said intra-coded frame-based sum is of lesser value than a first predetermined threshold value, and wherein said inter-coded frame-based coefficients are selected as said inter-coded coefficient data when said inter-coded frame-based sum is of lesser value than a second predetermined threshold value.
Claim 36
Dependent Claim
113 words
A method according to claim 34, wherein said intra-coded frame-based coefficients are selected as said intra-coded coefficient data when said intra-coded frame-based sum is of lesser value than said intra-coded field-based sum, and wherein said intra-coded field-based coefficients are selected as said intra-coded coefficient data when said intra-coded frame-based sum is of greater value than said intra-coded field-based sum; and wherein said inter-coded frame-based coefficients are selected as said inter-coded coefficient data when said inter-coded frame-based sum is of lesser value than said inter-coded field-based sum, and wherein said inter-coded field-based coefficients are selected as said inter-coded coefficient data when said inter-coded frame-based sum is of greater value than said inter-coded field-based sum.
Claim 37
Dependent Claim
72 words
A method according to claim 34, wherein said intra-coded frame-based coefficients are selected as said intra-coded coefficient data when: Sum intra,frame < Sum intra,field * β + α, wherein: Sum intra,frame = said intra-coded frame-based sum, Sum intra,field = said intra-coded field-based sum, and β, α = predetermined values; and wherein said intra-coded field-based coefficients are selected as said intra-coded coefficient data when: Sum intra,frame ≧ Sum intra,field * β + α.
Claim 38
Dependent Claim
72 words
A method according to claim 34, wherein said inter-coded frame-based coefficients are selected as said inter-coded coefficient data when: Sum inter,frame < Sum inter,field * β + α, wherein: Sum inter,frame = said inter-coded frame-based sum, Sum inter,field = said inter-coded field-bases sum, and β, α = predetermined values; and wherein said inter-coded field-based coefficients are selected as said inter-coded coefficient data when: Sum inter,frame ≧ Sum inter,field * β + α.
Claim 39
Dependent Claim
158 words
Apparatus for encoding picture signals comprising: means for inputting picture signal data; means for arranging said picture signal data into intra-coded frame-formatted blocks and into inter-coded frame-formatted blocks in which odd field data alternates with even field data; means for orthogonally transforming said intra-coded frame-formatted blocks and said inter-coded frame-formatted blocks to respectively form intra-coded frame-based coefficient data and inter-coded frame-based coefficient data; means for arranging picture signal data into intra-coded field-formatted blocks and into inter-coded field-formatted blocks, each comprising either said odd field data or said even field data; means for orthogonally transforming said intra-coded field-formatted blocks and said inter-coded field-formatted blocks to respectively form intra-coded field-based coefficient data and inter-coded field-based coefficient data; means for selecting from said intra-coded frame-based coefficient data, said inter-coded frame-based coefficient data, said intra-coded field-based coefficient data and said inter-coded field-based coefficient data the one having the smallest quantity of coefficient data; and means for encoding said selected data for transmission.
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