EP0495319A2
Expired / Lapsed
EP
⏱️ 0.0 years remaining
Process and apparatus for paraffin alkylation and catalyst for use therein
Assignee: Chemical Research and Licensing Co
•
Filing: 1991-12-24
•
Granted: —
•
Expires: 2011-12-24
Abstract
Abstract Paraffin alkylation using solid, particulate catalyst is carried out by preparing an alkane-catalyst mixture in a wash zone, passing the alkane-catalyst mixture to a plug flow reactor where a minor amount of olefin is introduced to contact the alkane-catalyst mixture and react to form alkylate and the alkane-catalyst-alkylate mixture is passed through the reactor with a minimum of back mixing to restrict the reaction of alkylate with olefin, thus substantially preventing polymerization. The alkane-catalyst-alkylate mixture, substantially free of olefin is passed to a disengaging zone where the liquid is removed and the solid particulate catalyst is recovered and returned to the wash zone for recycle. The alkane is present in the reactor in sufficient molar excess to react substantially all of the olefin. Any unreacted isoalkane is recycled to the reactor with make-up isoalkane added to maintain the molar excess. The preferred catalyst is an acid washed silica treated with antimony pentafluoride and more preferably treated with alkane at low temperature, e.g. -30 to -160°C.
Inventors
- 👤 Clifford Stuart Crossland
- 👤 Elliot George Pitt
- 👤 Alan Johnson
- 👤 John Woods
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
EP
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-10-29 02:57
CPC Classifications
C; C07; C07C; C07C2/00; C07C2/54; C07C2/56; C07C2/58; C07C2/60; B; B01; B01J; B01J27/00; B01J27/06; B01J27/08; B01J27/12; B01J35/00; B01J35/40; B01J35/60; B01J35/61; B01J35/612; B01J35/613; B01J35/615; B01J35/63; B01J35/633; B01J37/00; B01J37/02; B01J37/0201; B01J37/0207; B01J37/06; B01J8/00; B01J8/18; B01J8/20; B01J8/22; B01J8/224; B01J8/228; C07C9/00; C07C9/14; C07C9/16; C07C9/21; C07C2521/00; C07C2521/06; C07C2521/08; C07C2527/00; C07C2527/06; C07C2527/133
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 29
Claim 1
Independent Claim
77 words
A process for the alkylation of alkane with olefin in the presence of a particulate solid acidic catalyst in a reactor, comprising first contacting said catalyst with alkane, feeding said catalyst-alkane mixture to a reactor, feeding an olefin to said reactor to contact said catalyst-alkane mixture to form an alkylate product and moving said catalyst-alkane-alkylate mixture through said reactor away from the olefine feed point to restrict additional contact of the catalyst-alkane-alkylate mixture with the olefin feed.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
134 words
A process for the alkylation of alkane wherein the alkane is isoalkane, comprising: (a) mixing a particulate solid acidic catalyst with C₄ to C₇ isoalkane feed stream in a mixing zone to form an isoalkane-catalyst mixture; (b) feeding said isoalkane-catalyst mixture to a reactor in a feed zone; (c) feeding C₂ to C₅ olefin to said reactor near said feed zone to allow said olefin to contact said isoalkane-catalyst mixture and reacting said olefin with said mixture to form alkylate in a reaction mixture; (d) moving said reaction mixture through said reactor with a minimum of back mixing to restrict further contact of said alkylate-catalyst mixture with olefin; (e) separating an alkylate stream from said catalyst in a disengaging zone; and (f) recycling the catalyst to said mixing zone where make-up isoalkane is added.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
15 words
The process according to claim 2 wherein the make-up is in excess of reacted isoalkane.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
33 words
The process according to claim 2 or claim 3 wherein said reaction is carried out in at least partial liquid phase and said catalyst is slurried in said isoalkane in said mixing zone.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
21 words
The process according to any preceding claim wherein the temperature in the reactor is in the range of -50°C to 100°C.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
36 words
The process according to any preceding claim wherein the reaction temperature is in the range of -50°C to 80°C and the pressure within the reactor is sufficient to maintain said reaction mixture in the liquid phase.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
17 words
The process according to any preceding claim wherein the alkane is selected from isobutane, isopentane or isohexane.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
18 words
The process according to any preceding claim wherein said olefin is selected from butene, propylene, amylene or ethylene.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
17 words
The process according to any preceding claim wherein said olefin comprises butene and said alkane comprises isobutane.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
124 words
A process for the production of isooctane from the alkylation of isobutane with butene, comprising: (a) mixing a particulate solid catalyst with a liquid isobutane feed stream in a mixing zone to form a slurry; (b) feeding said slurry to a feed zone near the top of a vertical reactor; (c) feeding liquid butene to said feed zone thereby contacting said butene with said isobutane-catalyst slurry and reacting said butene to form trimethylpentane in a reaction mixture; (d) moving said reaction mixture downward through said reactor to prevent back mixing and further contact of said trimethylpentane-catalyst mixture with butene; (e) separating said trimethylpentane from said catalyst in a disengaging zone; and (f) recycling the catalyst to said mixing zone where make-up isobutane is added.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
163 words
A process for the production of isooctane from the alkylation of butene with isobutane, comprising: (a) mixing a particulate solid catalyst with a liquid isobutane feed stream in a mixing zone to form a slurry; (b) feeding said slurry to a feed zone in the bottom of a reactor, said catalyst to be lifted upward in said reactor; (c) feeding liquid butene to said feed zone thereby contacting said butene with said isobutane-catalyst slurry and reacting said butene with said isobutane to form trimethylpentane in a reaction mixture which is moving upward and away from said feed zone thus preventing further contact of said trimethylpentane-catalyst slurry with butene; and (d) moving said reaction mixture upward through said reactor to prevent back mixing and further contact of said trimethylpentane-catalyst mixture with butene; (e) separating said trimethylpentane from said catalyst in a disengaging zone; and (f) recycling the catalyst and isobutane remaining in said reaction mixture to said mixing zone where make-up isobutane is added.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
30 words
The process according to any one of Claims 1 to 11 wherein the alkane is isoalkane and the volume ratio of isoalkane to olefin is from about 2:1 to 1000:1.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
27 words
The process according to any preceding claim wherein the volume ratio of catalyst to liquid in the reactor is in the range of about 1:100 to 1:1.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
25 words
The process according to any preceding claim wherein the volume ratio of catalyst to olefin is in the range of about 5:1 to about 15:1.
Claim 15
Independent Claim
185 words
An apparatus for conducting alkylation of alkanes with olefins comprising: (a) a vertical reactor for contacting an alkylation catalyst slurried with the alkane for alkylation with an olefin, (b) a wash/catalyst make-up vessel for washing the catalyst with fresh alkylation alkane to remove residual product and to slurry the catalyst, fluidly connected to the lower end of said vertical reactor, and having an entry for alkane wash and catalyst make-up, (c) an olefin entry at the lower end of said vertical reactor to bring the alkylation olefin into contact with said alkane slurried catalyst, (d) means to move said slurried catalyst through said vertical reactor, (e) a disengaging vessel fluidly connected to said vertical reactor to receive the slurried catalyst in admixture wth alkane and alkylation product therefrom in fluid communication with said wash/catalyst make-up vessel to receive alkane wash therefrom and to remove slurried catalyst to said wash/catalyst make-up vessel, for contacting said slurried catalyst from said vertical reactor with the alkane wash and removing residual alkylation product from said alkane wash, and (f) exit means to remove alkylation product from said disengaging vessel.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
16 words
A solid particulate catalyst composition for paraffin alkylation comprising acid washed silica treated with antimony pentafluoride.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
21 words
The catalyst composition according to Claim 16 wherein said composition is further treated with alkane having 3 to 7 carbon atoms.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
25 words
A catalyst composition according to claim 16 or claim 17 wherein said silica has a surface area of about 5 m²/g to about 250 m²/g.
Claim 19
Dependent Claim
27 words
The catalyst composition according to any one of Claims 16 to 18 wherein said silica has a pore volume of about 0.1 cc/g to about 4.0 cc/g.
Claim 20
Dependent Claim
26 words
The catalyst composition according to any one of claims 16 to 19 wherein said silica has a particle size distribution in the range of 35-240 microns.
Claim 21
Dependent Claim
26 words
The catalyst composition according to any one of Claims 16 to 20 wherein said antimony pentafluoride comprises from 5 to 80% by weight of the composition.
Claim 22
Independent Claim
49 words
A method of preparing a solid, particulate catalyst composition for paraffin alkylation comprising: (a) washing particulate silica with a strong acid (b) separating said particulate silica and acid (c) washing said particulate silica with water (d) heating said particulate silica and (e) treating said particulate silica with antimony pentafluoride.
Claim 23
Dependent Claim
12 words
The method according to Claim 22 wherein said strong acid is inorganic.
Claim 24
Dependent Claim
15 words
The method according to claim 22 or claim 23 wherein said strong acid is HC1.
Claim 25
Independent Claim
19 words
The method according to any one of claims 22 to 24 wherein said particulate silica is washed until neutral.
Claim 26
Independent Claim
25 words
The method according to any one of Claims 22 to 25 wherein said heating is at a temperature in the range of 80 to 650°C.
Claim 27
Independent Claim
34 words
The method according to any one of Claims 22 to 26 comprising (f) contacting said antimony pentafluoride containing silica with C₃ to C₇ alkane at a temperature in the range of -30°C to -160°C.
Claim 28
Independent Claim
16 words
The method according to any one of Claims 22 to 27 wherein said alkane comprising isoalkane.
Claim 29
Dependent Claim
46 words
The method according to Claim 28 wherein said isoalkane comprises isobutane. heating comprises initially heating at a temperature in the range of 80 to 150°C for sufficient time to dry the particulate silica and thereafter heating at a temperature in the range of 160 to 650°C.
References Cited (Backward Citations)
No citation records indexed.
USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
Maintenance schedule is calculated for granted US utility patents.