EP0406705A2
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EP
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Liquid crystal apparatus and chiral smectic liquid crystal composition for use therein
Assignee: Canon Inc
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Filing: 1990-06-28
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Granted: —
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Expires: 2010-06-28
Abstract
Abstract A liquid crystal apparatus includes: a liquid crystal cell comprising a pair of substrates having thereon a first electrode and a second electrode, respectively, disposed opposite to each other, and a chiral smectic liquid crystal showing a first and a second orientation state disposed between the first and second electrodes, and a drive circuit for applying voltages between the first and second electrodes including voltages |V S | and |V I | which provide voltages V A and V B (V B > V A ) satisfying the relationship of: |(V A -V B )/(V A +V B )| > 0.1 at 40 °C, wherein V A is a minimum peak value of a voltage |V S | + |V I | (at a constant pulse width) capable of inverting the first orientation state of the chiral smectic liquid crystal into the second orientation state when a voltage pulse is applied between the first and second electrodes to cause the first orientation state of the chiral smectic liquid crystal and then the voltage |V S | + |V I | is applied between the first and second electrodes as a combination of a voltage |V S | applied to the first electrode and a voltage -|V I | applied to the second electrode; and V B is a value of |V S | + |V I | calculated based on a maximum peak value of a voltage |V S | - |V I | (at a constant pulse width) capable of maintaining the first orientation state of the chiral smectic liquid crystal when a voltage pulse is applied between the first and second electrodes to cause the first orientation state and then the voltage |V S | - |V I | is applied between the first and second electrodes as a combination of a voltage |V S | applied to the first electrode and a voltage |V I | applied to the second electrode.
Inventors
- 👤 Masahiro C/O Canon Kabushiki Kaisha Terada
- 👤 Masataka C/O Canon Kabushiki Kaisha Yamashita
- 👤 Shosei C/O Canon Kabushiki Kaisha Mori
- 👤 Shinichi C/O Canon Kabushiki Kaisha Nakamura
- 👤 Kenji C/O Canon Kabushiki Kaisha Shinjo
- 👤 Kazuharu C/O Canon Kabushiki Kaisha Katagiri
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
EP
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-11-03 09:07
CPC Classifications
C; C09; C09K; C09K19/00; C09K19/02; G; G09; G09G; G09G3/00; G09G3/20; G09G3/34; G09G3/36; G09G3/3611; G09G3/3622; G09G3/3629; G09G2310/00; G09G2310/06; G09G2320/00; G09G2320/04; G09G2320/041
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 37
Claim 1
Independent Claim
324 words
A liquid crystal apparatus, comprising: a liquid crystal cell comprising a pair of substrates having thereon a first electrode and a second electrode, respectively, disposed opposite to each other, and a chiral smectic liquid crystal showing a first and a second orientation state disposed between the first and second electrodes, and a drive circuit for applying voltages between the first and second electrodes including voltages |V S | and |V I | which provide voltages V A and V B (V B > V A ) satisfying the relationship of: |(V A -V B )/(V A +V B )| > 0.1 at 40 °C, wherein V A is a minimum peak value of a voltage |V S | + |V I | (at a constant pulse width) capable of inverting the first orientation state of the chiral smectic liquid crystal into the second orientation state when a voltage pulse is applied between the first and second electrodes to cause the first orientation state of the chiral smectic liquid crystal and then the voltage |V S | + |V I | is applied between the first and second electrodes as a combination of a voltage |V S | applied to the first electrode and a voltage -|V I | applied to the second electrode; and V B is a value of |V S | + |V I | calculated based on a maximum peak value of a voltage |V S | - |V I | (at a constant pulse width) capable of maintaining the first orientation state of the chiral smectic liquid crystal when a voltage pulse is applied between the first and second electrodes to cause the first orientation state and then the voltage |V S | - |V I | is applied between the first and second electrodes as a combination of a voltage |V S | applied to the first electrode and a voltage |V I |, applied to the second electrode.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
324 words
A liquid crystal apparatus, comprising: a liquid crystal cell comprising a pair of substrates having thereon a first electrode and a second electrode, respectively, disposed opposite to each other, and a chiral smectic liquid crystal showing a first and a second orientation state disposed between the first and second electrodes, and a drive circuit for applying voltages between the first and second electrodes including voltages |V S | and |V I | which provide voltages V A and V B (V B > V A ) satisfying the relationship of: |(V A -V B )/(V A +V B )| > 0.1 at 40 °C, wherein V A is a minimum peak value of a voltage |V S | + |V I | (at a constant pulse width) capable of inverting the first orientation state of the chiral smectic liquid crystal into the second orientation state when a voltage pulse is applied between the first and second electrodes to cause the first orientation state of the chiral smectic liquid crystal and then the voltage |V S | + |V I | is applied between the first and second electrodes as a combination of a voltage |V S | applied to the first electrode and a voltage -|V I | applied to the second electrode; and V B is a value of |V S | + |V I | calculated based on a maximum peak value of a voltage |V S | - |V I | (at a constant pulse width) capable of maintaining the first orientation state of the chiral smectic liquid crystal when a voltage pulse is applied between the first and second electrodes to cause the first orientation state and then the voltage |V S | - |V I | is applied between the first and second electrodes as a combination of a voltage |V S | applied to the first electrode and a voltage |V I |, applied to the second electrode.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
75 words
An apparatus according to Claim 1, wherein said chiral smectic liquid crystal has a spontaneous polarization P S [nC/cm²] satisfying the relationship of: |P S | ≦ 5 + 0.25(T CA -T) [nC/cm²] at an arbitrary temperature T [°C] of (T CA -10) [°C] or below within the temperature region of chiral smectic C phase wherein T CA denotes the phase transition temperature from chiral smectic C phase to smectic A phase on temperature increase.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
28 words
An apparatus according to Claim 1, wherein said chiral smectic liquid crystal is in chiral smectic phase formed through cholesteric phase and smectic A phase on temperature decrease.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
19 words
An apparatus according to Claim 1, wherein said first and second electrodes are respectively covered with a dielectric film.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
42 words
An apparatus according to Claim 1, wherein said first electrode is one of a plurality of scanning electrodes receiving the voltage V S , and said second electrode is one of a plurality of data electrodes receiving the voltage V I .
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
325 words
A liquid crystal apparatus, comprising: a liquid crystal cell comprising a pair of substrates having thereon a first electrode and a second electrode, respectively, disposed opposite to each other, and a chiral smectic liquid crystal showing a first and a second orientation state disposed between the first and second electrodes, and a drive circuit for applying voltages between the first and second electrodes including voltages |V S | and |V I | which provide voltages V A and V B (V B > V A ) satisfying the relationship of: |(V A -V B )/(V A +V B )| > 0.1 at 55 °C, wherein V A is a minimum peak value of a voltage |V S | + |V I | (at a constant pulse width) capable of inverting the first orientation state of the chiral smectic liquid crystal into the second orientation state when a voltage pulse is applied between the first and second electrodes to cause the first orientation state of the chiral smectic liquid crystal and then the voltage |V S | + |V I | is applied between the first and second electrodes as a combination of a voltage |V S | applied to the first electrode and a voltage - |V I | applied to the second electrode; and V B is a value |V S | + |V I | of calculated based on a maximum peak value of a voltage |V S | - |V I | (at a constant pulse width) capable of maintaining the first orientation state of the chiral smectic liquid crystal when a voltage pulse is applied between the first and second electrodes to cause the first orientation state and then the voltage |V S | - |V I | is applied between the first and second electrodes as a combination of a voltage |V S | applied to the first electrode and a voltage |V I | applied to the second electrode.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
325 words
A liquid crystal apparatus, comprising: a liquid crystal cell comprising a pair of substrates having thereon a first electrode and a second electrode, respectively, disposed opposite to each other, and a chiral smectic liquid crystal showing a first and a second orientation state disposed between the first and second electrodes, and a drive circuit for applying voltages between the first and second electrodes including voltages |V S | and |V I | which provide voltages V A and V B (V B > V A ) satisfying the relationship of: |(V A -V B )/(V A +V B )| > 0.1 at 55 °C, wherein V A is a minimum peak value of a voltage |V S | + |V I | (at a constant pulse width) capable of inverting the first orientation state of the chiral smectic liquid crystal into the second orientation state when a voltage pulse is applied between the first and second electrodes to cause the first orientation state of the chiral smectic liquid crystal and then the voltage |V S | + |V I | is applied between the first and second electrodes as a combination of a voltage |V S | applied to the first electrode and a voltage - |V I | applied to the second electrode; and V B is a value |V S | + |V I | of calculated based on a maximum peak value of a voltage |V S | - |V I | (at a constant pulse width) capable of maintaining the first orientation state of the chiral smectic liquid crystal when a voltage pulse is applied between the first and second electrodes to cause the first orientation state and then the voltage |V S | - |V I | is applied between the first and second electrodes as a combination of a voltage |V S | applied to the first electrode and a voltage |V I | applied to the second electrode.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
28 words
An apparatus according to Claim 6, wherein said chiral smectic liquid crystal is in chiral smectic phase formed through cholesteric phase and smectic A phase on temperature decrease.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
19 words
An apparatus according to Claim 6, wherein said first and second electrodes are respectively covered with a dielectric film.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
12 words
An apparatus according to Claim 6, which further comprises a heating means.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
42 words
An apparatus according to Claim 6, wherein said first electrode is one of a plurality of scanning electrodes receiving the voltage |V S |, and said second electrode is one of a plurality of data electrodes receiving the voltage |V I |.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
75 words
An apparatus according to Claim 10, wherein said chiral smectic liquid crystal has a spontaneous polarization P S [nC/cm²] satisfying the relationship of: |P S | ≦ 5 + 0.25(T CA -T) [nC/cm²] at an arbitrary temperature T [°C] of (T CA -10) [°C] or below within the temperature region of chiral smectic C phase wherein T CA denotes the phase transition temperature from chiral smectic C phase to smectic A phase on temperature increase.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
352 words
A liquid crystal apparatus, comprising: a liquid crystal cell comprising a pair of substrates having thereon scanning electrodes and data electrodes, respectively, disposed opposite to each other, and a chiral smectic liquid crystal showing a first and a second orientation state disposed between the scanning electrodes and data electrodes, and a drive means for applying a scanning selection signal including a voltage |V S | to the scanning electrodes and applying data signals including a voltage V I to the data electrodes in synchronism with the scanning selection signal, the voltages |V S | and |V I | providing voltages V A and V B (V B > V A ) satisfying the relationship of: |(V A -V B )/(V A +V B )| > 0.1 at 40 °C, wherein V A is a minimum peak value of a voltage |V S | + |V I | (at a constant pulse width) capable of inverting the first orientation state of the chiral smectic liquid crystal into the second orientation state when a voltage pulse is applied between a scanning electrode and a data electrode to cause the first orientation state of the chiral smectic liquid crystal and then the voltage V S + V I is applied between the scanning and data electrodes as a combination of a voltage |V S | applied to the scanning electrode and a voltage - |V I | applied to the data electrode; and V B is a value of |V S | + |V I | calculated based on a maximum peak value of a voltage |V S | - |V I | (at a constant pulse width) capable of maintaining the first orientation state of the chiral smectic liquid crystal when a voltage pulse is applied between a scanning electrode and a data electrode to cause the first orientation state and then the voltage |V S | - |V I | is applied between the scanning and data electrodes as a combination of a voltage |V S | applied to the scanning electrode and a voltage |V I | applied to the data electrode.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
352 words
A liquid crystal apparatus, comprising: a liquid crystal cell comprising a pair of substrates having thereon scanning electrodes and data electrodes, respectively, disposed opposite to each other, and a chiral smectic liquid crystal showing a first and a second orientation state disposed between the scanning electrodes and data electrodes, and a drive means for applying a scanning selection signal including a voltage |V S | to the scanning electrodes and applying data signals including a voltage V I to the data electrodes in synchronism with the scanning selection signal, the voltages |V S | and |V I | providing voltages V A and V B (V B > V A ) satisfying the relationship of: |(V A -V B )/(V A +V B )| > 0.1 at 40 °C, wherein V A is a minimum peak value of a voltage |V S | + |V I | (at a constant pulse width) capable of inverting the first orientation state of the chiral smectic liquid crystal into the second orientation state when a voltage pulse is applied between a scanning electrode and a data electrode to cause the first orientation state of the chiral smectic liquid crystal and then the voltage V S + V I is applied between the scanning and data electrodes as a combination of a voltage |V S | applied to the scanning electrode and a voltage - |V I | applied to the data electrode; and V B is a value of |V S | + |V I | calculated based on a maximum peak value of a voltage |V S | - |V I | (at a constant pulse width) capable of maintaining the first orientation state of the chiral smectic liquid crystal when a voltage pulse is applied between a scanning electrode and a data electrode to cause the first orientation state and then the voltage |V S | - |V I | is applied between the scanning and data electrodes as a combination of a voltage |V S | applied to the scanning electrode and a voltage |V I | applied to the data electrode.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
58 words
An apparatus according to Claim 12, wherein said drive circuit includes means for applying a voltage for simultaneously resetting pixels on a selected scanning electrode into one optical state and then applying a reverse-polarity voltage of a polarity opposite to that of the voltage for resetting to a selected pixel among the pixels on the selected scanning electrode.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
46 words
An apparatus according to Claim 13, wherein said drive circuit includes means for, while said reverse polarity voltage is applied to the selected pixel on the selected scanning electrode, applying a voltage for simultaneously resetting pixels on a subsequently selected scanning electrode into one optical state.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
75 words
An apparatus according to Claim 12, wherein said chiral smectic liquid crystal has a spontaneous polarization P S [nC/cm²] satisfying the relationship of: |P S | ≦ 5 + 0.25(T CA -T) [nC/cm²] at an arbitrary temperature T [°C] of (T CA -10) [°C] or below within the temperature region of chiral smectic C phase wherein T CA denotes the phase transition temperature from chiral smectic C phase to smectic A phase on temperature increase.
Claim 19
Dependent Claim
28 words
An apparatus according to Claim 12, wherein said chiral smectic liquid crystal is in chiral smectic phase formed through cholesteric phase and smectic A phase on temperature decrease.
Claim 20
Dependent Claim
20 words
An apparatus according to Claim 12, wherein said scanning electrodes and data electrodes are respectively covered with a dielectric film.
Claim 21
Dependent Claim
25 words
An apparatus according to Claim 12, wherein said drive circuit includes means for applying an AC voltage to the pixels at the time of non-selection.
Claim 22
Dependent Claim
353 words
A liquid crystal apparatus, comprising: a liquid crystal cell comprising a pair of substrates having thereon scanning electrodes and data electrodes, respectively, disposed opposite to each other, and a chiral smectic liquid crystal showing a first and a second orientation state disposed between the scanning electrodes and data electrodes, and a drive means for applying a scanning selection signal including a voltage |V S | to the scanning electrodes and applying data signals including a voltage V I to the data electrodes in synchronism with the scanning selection signal, the voltages |V S | and |V I | providing voltages V A and V B (V B > V A ) satisfying the relationship of: |V A -V B )/(V A +V B )| > 0.1 at 55 °C, wherein V A is a minimum peak value of a voltage |V S | + |V I | (at a constant pulse width) capable of inverting the first orientation state of the chiral smectic liquid crystal into the second orientation state when a voltage pulse is applied between a scanning electrode and a data electrode to cause the first orientation state of the chiral smectic liquid crystal and then the voltage |V S | + |V I | is applied between the scanning and data electrodes as a combination of a voltage |V S | applied to the scanning electrode and a voltage -|V I | applied to the data electrode; and V B is a value of |V S | + |V I | calculated based on a maximum peak value of a voltage |V S | - |V I | (at a constant pulse width) capable of maintaining the first orientation state of the chiral smectic liquid crystal when a voltage pulse is applied between a scanning electrode and a data electrode to cause the first orientation state and then the voltage |V S | - |V I | is applied between the scanning and data electrodes as a combination of a voltage |V S | applied to the scanning electrode and a voltage |V I | applied to the data electrode.
Claim 23
Dependent Claim
353 words
A liquid crystal apparatus, comprising: a liquid crystal cell comprising a pair of substrates having thereon scanning electrodes and data electrodes, respectively, disposed opposite to each other, and a chiral smectic liquid crystal showing a first and a second orientation state disposed between the scanning electrodes and data electrodes, and a drive means for applying a scanning selection signal including a voltage |V S | to the scanning electrodes and applying data signals including a voltage V I to the data electrodes in synchronism with the scanning selection signal, the voltages |V S | and |V I | providing voltages V A and V B (V B > V A ) satisfying the relationship of: |V A -V B )/(V A +V B )| > 0.1 at 55 °C, wherein V A is a minimum peak value of a voltage |V S | + |V I | (at a constant pulse width) capable of inverting the first orientation state of the chiral smectic liquid crystal into the second orientation state when a voltage pulse is applied between a scanning electrode and a data electrode to cause the first orientation state of the chiral smectic liquid crystal and then the voltage |V S | + |V I | is applied between the scanning and data electrodes as a combination of a voltage |V S | applied to the scanning electrode and a voltage -|V I | applied to the data electrode; and V B is a value of |V S | + |V I | calculated based on a maximum peak value of a voltage |V S | - |V I | (at a constant pulse width) capable of maintaining the first orientation state of the chiral smectic liquid crystal when a voltage pulse is applied between a scanning electrode and a data electrode to cause the first orientation state and then the voltage |V S | - |V I | is applied between the scanning and data electrodes as a combination of a voltage |V S | applied to the scanning electrode and a voltage |V I | applied to the data electrode.
Claim 24
Dependent Claim
58 words
An apparatus according to Claim 19, wherein said drive circuit includes means for applying a voltage for simultaneously resetting pixels on a selected scanning electrode into one optical state and then applying a reverse-polarity voltage of a polarity opposite to that of the voltage for resetting to a selected pixel among the pixels on the selected scanning electrode.
Claim 25
Dependent Claim
46 words
An apparatus according to Claim 20, wherein said drive circuit includes means for, while said reverse polarity voltage is applied to the selected pixel on the selected scanning electrode, applying a voltage for simultaneously resetting pixels on a subsequently selected scanning electrode into one optical state.
Claim 26
Dependent Claim
28 words
An apparatus according to Claim 19, wherein said chiral smectic liquid crystal is in chiral smectic phase formed through cholesteric phase and smectic A phase on temperature decrease.
Claim 27
Dependent Claim
20 words
An apparatus according to Claim 19, wherein said scanning electrodes and data electrodes are respectively covered with a dielectric film.
Claim 28
Dependent Claim
12 words
An apparatus according to Claim 19, which further includes a heating means.
Claim 29
Dependent Claim
25 words
An apparatus according to Claim 19, wherein said drive circuit includes means for applying an AC voltage to the pixels at the time of non-selection.
Claim 30
Dependent Claim
343 words
A liquid crystal apparatus, comprising: a) a liquid crystal cell comprising a pair of substrates having thereon a first electrode and a second electrode, respectively, disposed opposite to each other, and a chiral smectic liquid crystal showing a first and a second orientation state disposed between the first and second electrodes, said chiral smectic liquid crystal is a composition containing a mesomorphic compound having a skeleton selected from the group consisting of: b) a drive circuit for applying voltages between the first and second electrodes including voltages |V S | and |V I | which provide voltages V A and V B (V B > V A ) satisfying the relationship of: |(V A -V B )/(V A +V B )| > 0.1 at 40 °C, wherein V A is a minimum peak value of a voltage |V S | + |V I | (at a constant pulse width) capable of inverting the first orientation state of the chiral smectic liquid crystal into the second orientation state when a voltage pulse is applied between the first and second electrodes to cause the first orientation state of the chiral smectic liquid crystal and then the voltage |V S | + |V I | is applied between the first and second electrodes as a combination of a voltage applied to the first electrode and a voltage -|V I | applied to the second electrode; and V B is a value of |V S | + |V I | calculated based on a maximum peak value of a voltage |V S | - |V I | (at a constant pulse width) capable of maintaining the first orientation state of the chiral smectic liquid crystal when a voltage pulse is applied between the first and second electrodes to cause the first orientation state and then the voltage |V S | - |V I | is applied between the first and second electrodes as a combination of a voltage |V S | applied to the first electrode and a voltage |V I | applied to the second electrode.
Claim 31
Dependent Claim
343 words
A liquid crystal apparatus, comprising: a) a liquid crystal cell comprising a pair of substrates having thereon a first electrode and a second electrode, respectively, disposed opposite to each other, and a chiral smectic liquid crystal showing a first and a second orientation state disposed between the first and second electrodes, said chiral smectic liquid crystal is a composition containing a mesomorphic compound having a skeleton selected from the group consisting of: b) a drive circuit for applying voltages between the first and second electrodes including voltages |V S | and |V I | which provide voltages V A and V B (V B > V A ) satisfying the relationship of: |(V A -V B )/(V A +V B )| > 0.1 at 40 °C, wherein V A is a minimum peak value of a voltage |V S | + |V I | (at a constant pulse width) capable of inverting the first orientation state of the chiral smectic liquid crystal into the second orientation state when a voltage pulse is applied between the first and second electrodes to cause the first orientation state of the chiral smectic liquid crystal and then the voltage |V S | + |V I | is applied between the first and second electrodes as a combination of a voltage applied to the first electrode and a voltage -|V I | applied to the second electrode; and V B is a value of |V S | + |V I | calculated based on a maximum peak value of a voltage |V S | - |V I | (at a constant pulse width) capable of maintaining the first orientation state of the chiral smectic liquid crystal when a voltage pulse is applied between the first and second electrodes to cause the first orientation state and then the voltage |V S | - |V I | is applied between the first and second electrodes as a combination of a voltage |V S | applied to the first electrode and a voltage |V I | applied to the second electrode.
Claim 32
Dependent Claim
346 words
A liquid crystal apparatus, comprising: a) a liquid crystal cell comprising a pair of substrates having thereon a first electrode and a second electrode, respectively, disposed opposite to each other, and a chiral smectic liquid crystal showing a first and a second orientation state disposed between the first and second electrodes, said chiral smectic liquid crystal is a composition containing a mesomorphic compound having a skeleton selected from the group consisting of: b) a drive circuit for applying voltages between the first and second electrodes including voltages |V S | and |V I | which provide voltages V A and V B (V B > V A ) satisfying the relationship of: |(V A -V B )/(V A +V B )| > 0.1 at 40 °C, wherein V A is a minimum peak value of a voltage |V S | + |V I | (at a constant pulse width) capable of inverting the first orientation state of the chiral smectic liquid crystal into the second orientation state when a voltage pulse is applied between the first and second electrodes to cause the first orientation state of the chiral smectic liquid crystal and then the voltage |V S | + |V I | is applied between the first and second electrodes as a combination of a voltage |V S | applied to the first electrode and a voltage -|V I | applied to the second electrode; and V B is a value of |V S | + |V I | calculated based on a maximum peak value of a voltage |V S | - |V I | (at a constant pulse width) capable of maintaining the first orientation state of the chiral smectic liquid crystal when a voltage pulse is applied between the first and second electrodes to cause the first orientation state and then the voltage |V S | - |V I | is applied between the first and second electrodes as a combination of a voltage |V S | applied to the first electrode and a voltage |V I | applied to the second electrode.
Claim 33
Dependent Claim
346 words
A liquid crystal apparatus, comprising: a) a liquid crystal cell comprising a pair of substrates having thereon a first electrode and a second electrode, respectively, disposed opposite to each other, and a chiral smectic liquid crystal showing a first and a second orientation state disposed between the first and second electrodes, said chiral smectic liquid crystal is a composition containing a mesomorphic compound having a skeleton selected from the group consisting of: b) a drive circuit for applying voltages between the first and second electrodes including voltages |V S | and |V I | which provide voltages V A and V B (V B > V A ) satisfying the relationship of: |(V A -V B )/(V A +V B )| > 0.1 at 40 °C, wherein V A is a minimum peak value of a voltage |V S | + |V I | (at a constant pulse width) capable of inverting the first orientation state of the chiral smectic liquid crystal into the second orientation state when a voltage pulse is applied between the first and second electrodes to cause the first orientation state of the chiral smectic liquid crystal and then the voltage |V S | + |V I | is applied between the first and second electrodes as a combination of a voltage |V S | applied to the first electrode and a voltage -|V I | applied to the second electrode; and V B is a value of |V S | + |V I | calculated based on a maximum peak value of a voltage |V S | - |V I | (at a constant pulse width) capable of maintaining the first orientation state of the chiral smectic liquid crystal when a voltage pulse is applied between the first and second electrodes to cause the first orientation state and then the voltage |V S | - |V I | is applied between the first and second electrodes as a combination of a voltage |V S | applied to the first electrode and a voltage |V I | applied to the second electrode.
Claim 34
Dependent Claim
347 words
A liquid crystal apparatus, comprising: a) a liquid crystal cell comprising a pair of substrates having thereon a first electrode and a second electrode, respectively, disposed opposite to each other, and a chiral smectic liquid crystal showing a first and a second orientation state disposed between the first and second electrodes, said chiral smectic liquid crystal is a composition containing a mesomorphic compound having a skeleton selected from the group consisting of: b) a drive circuit for applying voltages between the first and second electrodes including voltages |V S | and |V I | which provide voltages V A and V B (V B > V A ) satisfying the relationship of: |(V A -V B )/(V A +V B )| > 0.1 at 40 °C, wherein V A is a minimum peak value of a voltage |V S | + |V I | (at a constant pulse width) capable of inverting the first orientation state of the chiral smectic liquid crystal into the second orientation state when a voltage pulse is applied between the first and second electrodes to cause the first orientation state of the chiral smectic liquid crystal and then the voltage |V S | + |V I | is applied between the first and second electrodes as a combination of a voltage |V S | applied to the first electrode and a voltage - |V I | applied to the second electrode; and V B is a value of |V S | + |V I | calculated based on a maximum peak value of a voltage |V S | - |V I | (at a constant pulse width) capable of maintaining the first orientation state of the chiral smectic liquid crystal when a voltage pulse is applied between the first and second electrodes to cause the first orientation state and then the voltage |V S | - |V I | is applied between the first and second electrodes as a combination of a voltage |V S | applied to the first electrode and a voltage |V I | applied to the second electrode.
Claim 35
Dependent Claim
347 words
A liquid crystal apparatus, comprising: a) a liquid crystal cell comprising a pair of substrates having thereon a first electrode and a second electrode, respectively, disposed opposite to each other, and a chiral smectic liquid crystal showing a first and a second orientation state disposed between the first and second electrodes, said chiral smectic liquid crystal is a composition containing a mesomorphic compound having a skeleton selected from the group consisting of: b) a drive circuit for applying voltages between the first and second electrodes including voltages |V S | and |V I | which provide voltages V A and V B (V B > V A ) satisfying the relationship of: |(V A -V B )/(V A +V B )| > 0.1 at 40 °C, wherein V A is a minimum peak value of a voltage |V S | + |V I | (at a constant pulse width) capable of inverting the first orientation state of the chiral smectic liquid crystal into the second orientation state when a voltage pulse is applied between the first and second electrodes to cause the first orientation state of the chiral smectic liquid crystal and then the voltage |V S | + |V I | is applied between the first and second electrodes as a combination of a voltage |V S | applied to the first electrode and a voltage - |V I | applied to the second electrode; and V B is a value of |V S | + |V I | calculated based on a maximum peak value of a voltage |V S | - |V I | (at a constant pulse width) capable of maintaining the first orientation state of the chiral smectic liquid crystal when a voltage pulse is applied between the first and second electrodes to cause the first orientation state and then the voltage |V S | - |V I | is applied between the first and second electrodes as a combination of a voltage |V S | applied to the first electrode and a voltage |V I | applied to the second electrode.
Claim 36
Dependent Claim
346 words
A liquid crystal apparatus, comprising: a) a liquid crystal cell comprising a pair of substrates having thereon a first electrode and a second electrode, respectively, disposed opposite to each other, and a chiral smectic liquid crystal showing a first and a second orientation state disposed between the first and second electrodes, said chiral smectic liquid crystal is a composition containing a mesomorphic compound having a skeleton selected from the group consisting of: b) a drive circuit for applying voltages between the first and second electrodes including voltages |V S | and |V I | which provide voltages V A and V B (V B > V A ) satisfying the relationship of: |(V A -V B )/(V A +V B )| > 0.1 at 40 °C, wherein V A is a minimum peak value of a voltage |V S | + |V I | (at a constant pulse width) capable of inverting the first orientation state of the chiral smectic liquid crystal into the second orientation state when a voltage pulse is applied between the first and second electrodes to cause the first orientation state of the chiral smectic liquid crystal and then the voltage |V S | + |V I | is applied between the first and second electrodes as a combination of a voltage |V S | applied to the first electrode and a voltage -|V I | applied to the second electrode; and V B is a value of |V S | + |V I | calculated based on a maximum peak value of a voltage |V S | - |V I | (at a constant pulse width) capable of maintaining the first orientation state of the chiral smectic liquid crystal when a voltage pulse is applied between the first and second electrodes to cause the first orientation state and then the voltage |V S | - |V I | is applied between the first and second electrodes as a combination of a voltage |V S | applied to the first electrode and a voltage |V I | applied to the second electrode.
Claim 37
Dependent Claim
346 words
A liquid crystal apparatus, comprising: a) a liquid crystal cell comprising a pair of substrates having thereon a first electrode and a second electrode, respectively, disposed opposite to each other, and a chiral smectic liquid crystal showing a first and a second orientation state disposed between the first and second electrodes, said chiral smectic liquid crystal is a composition containing a mesomorphic compound having a skeleton selected from the group consisting of: b) a drive circuit for applying voltages between the first and second electrodes including voltages |V S | and |V I | which provide voltages V A and V B (V B > V A ) satisfying the relationship of: |(V A -V B )/(V A +V B )| > 0.1 at 40 °C, wherein V A is a minimum peak value of a voltage |V S | + |V I | (at a constant pulse width) capable of inverting the first orientation state of the chiral smectic liquid crystal into the second orientation state when a voltage pulse is applied between the first and second electrodes to cause the first orientation state of the chiral smectic liquid crystal and then the voltage |V S | + |V I | is applied between the first and second electrodes as a combination of a voltage |V S | applied to the first electrode and a voltage -|V I | applied to the second electrode; and V B is a value of |V S | + |V I | calculated based on a maximum peak value of a voltage |V S | - |V I | (at a constant pulse width) capable of maintaining the first orientation state of the chiral smectic liquid crystal when a voltage pulse is applied between the first and second electrodes to cause the first orientation state and then the voltage |V S | - |V I | is applied between the first and second electrodes as a combination of a voltage |V S | applied to the first electrode and a voltage |V I | applied to the second electrode.
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