Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 15
Claim 1
Independent Claim
31 words
A method of bleaching cellulose pulp with ozone, characterized in that the pulp is bleached in the form of a foam-like mixture at the consistency range of 5 to 25 %.
Claim 2
Independent Claim
31 words
A method of bleaching cellulose pulp with ozone, characterized in that the pulp is bleached in the form of a foam-like mixture at the consistency range of 5 to 25 %.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
68 words
A method as claimed in claim 1, characterised in - pumping the pulp with a medium consistency pump to a fluidizing mixer, - feeding O₂/O₃ gas into the pulp therein, - bringing the ozone serving as the bleaching agent in contact with the fibers of the pulp by means of mixing said gas into the pulp, and - discharging the pulp from the mixer into a reaction vessel.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
48 words
A method as claimed in claim 2, characterized in - performing the bleaching in at least two steps such that - residual gas is removed after the previous step in a reaction vessel, and - additional O₂/O₃ gas is added in the mixer prior to the later step.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
21 words
A method as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the foam is a mixture of water, fibers, and O₂/O₃ gas.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
32 words
A method as claimed in claim 1, characterized in - mixing the O₂/O₃ gas into the pulp by a fluidizing mixer, whereby the foam-like mixture required by the bleaching reactions is produced.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
23 words
A method as claimed in claim 2, characterized in - separating the residual gas from the pulp after at least one bleaching stage.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
26 words
A method as claimed in claim 3, characterized in - separating the residual gas by a gas-removing pump used for pumping the pump for further treatment.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
41 words
A method as claimed in claim 7, characterized in that the head produced by the second pump is low or negligible and the pump is used mainly for gas separation and the actual flow is kept up by a previuos pump.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
48 words
A method as claimed in claim 3 or 6, characterized in that the residual gas is fed to another stage of the process, e.g. to serve as additional chemical in the bleaching plant or as combustion gas in a soda recovery boiler or a lime sludge reburning kiln.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
63 words
A method as claimed in claim 7, characterized in - introducing the pulp to another mixer after separating the gas therefrom, - feeding O₂/O₃ gas into the pulp in said mixer, - mixing said gas with the pulp so as to produce a mixture permitting the bleaching reaction between the ozone and the fibers, and - discharging the pulp into a reaction vessel.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
22 words
A method as claimed in claim 1 or 10, characterized in that the bleaching stages are pressurized, pressureless or performed at underpressure.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
16 words
A method as claimed in claim 2, characterized in agitiating the pulp in a reaction vessel.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
37 words
A method as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that the ozone bleaching stage is part of a larger bleaching plant where also the other bleaching stages are performed at a consistency of 5 to 25 %.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
32 words
A method as claimed in claim 13, characterized in that the other bleaching stages use at least one of the following bleaching agents: chlorine, ozone, peroxid, chlorine dioxide, sodium hydroxide or enzymes.