Permselective membrane and process for producing the same

Claim 2

A permselective membrane in a state of mono­molecular film polymer or monomolecular built-up polymer, which comprises a polymer formed by subjecting a mono­molecular film or a monomolecular built-up film of a substance containing at least one polymerizable group and a functional group to polymerization by means of a catalyst or radiation irradiation.

Claim 3

A permselective membrane according to Claim 1, wherein the polymerizable group is a vinyl group, an acetylenic group or a diacetylenic group.

Claim 4

A perselective membrane according to Claim 2, wherein a trimethylsilyl (-SiMe₃) group is linked to the acetylenic group.

Claim 5

A perselective membrane according to claim 1, wherein the functional group is a carboxyl group (-COOH) or a chlorosilyl group (-SiCl n H 3-n wherein n is an integer of 1 to 3).

Claim 6

A permselective membrane according to Claim 1, wherein replacement by an alcoholic hydroxyl group (-OH) or an ionic functional group has been carried out in the surface of the monomolecular polymer film or the mono­molecular built-up polymer film.

Claim 7

A permselective membrane according to Claim 4, wherein the substance containing at least one polymeriz­able group and a functional group is ω-nonadecynyltri­chlorosilane.

Claim 8

A permselective membrane according to Claim 4, wherein the substance containing at least one polymeriz­able group and a functional group is 1-(trimethylsilyl)-­ω-nonadecylynoictrichlorosilane.

Claim 9

A process for producing a permselective membrane comprising a step of forming a monomolecular film or monomolecular built-up film of a substance containing at least one polymerizable group and a functional group on a hydrophilic substrate surface, a step of subjecting the polymerizable group to polymerization by means of a catalyst or radiation irradiation, and a step of removing a portion of the substrate by etching from the side on which neither monomolecular film nor monomolecular built-­up film has been formed.

Claim 10

A process for producing a permselective membrane comprising a step of forming a monomolecular film or monomolecular built-up film of a substance containing at least one polymerizable group and a functional group on a hydrophilic substrate surface, a step of subjecting the polymerizable group to polymerization by means of a catalyst or radiation irradiation, and a step of removing a portion of the substrate by etching from the side on which neither monomolecular film nor monomolecular built-­up film has been formed.

Claim 11

A process for producing a permselective membrane according to Claim 8, wherein chemisorption is employed in the step of forming the monomolecular film or the monomolecular built-up film.

Claim 12

A process for producing a permselective membrane according to Claim 8, wherein the Langmuir-Blodgett (LB) technique is employed in the step of forming the mono-­molecular film or the monomolecular built-up film.

Claim 13

A process for producing a permselective membrane according to Claim 8, wherein the catalyst contains Mo, W, Nb or Ta.

Claim 14

A process for producing a permselective membrane according to Claim 8, wherein the catalyst comprises a metal halide catalyst and an organic tin or bismuth compound as co-catalyst.

Claim 15

A process for producing a permselective membrane according to Claim 8, wherein the radiation is electron beams, X-rays or γ-rays.

Claim 16

A process for producing a permselective membrane according to Claim 10, wherein the Langmuir-Blodgett technique is practiced while applying a direct-current voltage in the surface direction on water surface.

Claim 17

A process for producing a permselective membrane comprising a step of forming a monomolecular film or monomolecular built-up film of a substance containing at least one polymerizable group and a functional group on a hydrophilic substrate surface, a step of subjecting the polymerizable group to polymerization by means of a catalyst or radiation polymerization, a step of modifying the surface of the monomolecular film or the monomolecular built-up film by chemical treatment or physical treat­ment, and a step of removing a portion of the substrate by etching from the side on which neither monomolecular film nor monomolecular built-up film has been formed.

Claim 18

A process for producing a permselective membrane comprising a step of forming a monomolecular film or monomolecular built-up film of a substance containing at least one polymerizable group and a functional group on a hydrophilic substrate surface, a step of subjecting the polymerizable group to polymerization by means of a catalyst or radiation polymerization, a step of modifying the surface of the monomolecular film or the monomolecular built-up film by chemical treatment or physical treat­ment, and a step of removing a portion of the substrate by etching from the side on which neither monomolecular film nor monomolecular built-up film has been formed.

Claim 19

A process for producing a permselective membrane according to Claim 15, which further comprises a step of modifying the surface of the monomolecular film or monomolecular built-up film after the polymerization by adding an alcoholic hydroxyl group (-OH) or an ionic functional group to the surface.