EP0366086A2
Expired / Lapsed
EP
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Code shift keying (csk) apparatus and method for spectrum spread communication
Assignee: NEC Corp
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Filing: 1989-10-24
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Granted: —
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Expires: 2009-10-24
Abstract
Abstract In a Code Shift Keying (CSK) communication method and apparatus on the signal transmitting side, two Manchester M series equal in code length are produced with a predetermined period. The Manchester M series to actually be transmitted has a maximum value of the absolute value of its autocorrelation which is always larger than that of the cross-correlation of the two Manchester M series. In every predetermined period, one of the two series is selected; the selection depends on whether the transmitting data is "1" or "0", so that the selected series is transmitted as a transmitting signal. On the signal receiving side, a receiving signal is compared with each of two Manchester M series which are the same as those on the signal transmitting side, to provide two correlation outputs. The correlation outputs are subjected to comparison, and the receiving data "0" or "1" is selected according to the result of comparison.
Inventors
- 👤 Kaoru Nec Home Electronics Ltd. Endo
- 👤 Naomichi Nec Home Electronics Ltd. Takahashi
- 👤 Soichi Nec Home Electronics Ltd. Tsumura
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
EP
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-11-02 09:09
CPC Classifications
H; H04; H04B; H04B1/00; H04B1/69; H04B1/707; H04B1/709; H04B1/7093; H04J; H04J13/00; H04J13/0007; H04J13/0022; H04J13/10; H04L; H04L23/00; H04L23/02
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 42
Claim 1
Independent Claim
126 words
A Code Shift Keying (CSK) communication apparatus for spectrum spread communication, comprising: means (11,111) for generating one of two PNC (pseudo noise) code series responsive to each input data bit for transmission, according to the binary state of said input data bit, one said series corresponding to the one of said binary state and the other of said series corresponding to the other of said binary state, said two PN code series being equal in code length; and means (12, 112A) for transmitting said generated code series over a transmission medium, wherein said PN code series to actually be transmitted has a maximum value of the absolute value of its autocorrelation which is always larger than that of the cross-correlation of said two PN code series.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
126 words
A Code Shift Keying (CSK) communication apparatus for spectrum spread communication, comprising: means (11,111) for generating one of two PNC (pseudo noise) code series responsive to each input data bit for transmission, according to the binary state of said input data bit, one said series corresponding to the one of said binary state and the other of said series corresponding to the other of said binary state, said two PN code series being equal in code length; and means (12, 112A) for transmitting said generated code series over a transmission medium, wherein said PN code series to actually be transmitted has a maximum value of the absolute value of its autocorrelation which is always larger than that of the cross-correlation of said two PN code series.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
22 words
An apparatus as recited in claim 1, wherein said two PN code series are two Manchester M series with a predetermined period.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
85 words
An apparatus as recited in claim 1 or 2, further comprising: receiving interface means (13,112B) for isolating said transmitted code series from said transmission medium; and means (14,114) responsive to each said isolated transmitted code series from said receiving interface means (13,112B) for forming a received data bit; each said received data bit having a binary state corresponding to the binary state of the input data bit according to which said transmitted code series over said transmission medium was generated by said generating means (11,111).
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
19 words
An apparatus as recited in claim 2 or 3, wherein said generating means is a two series modulator (11).
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
89 words
An apparatus as recited in claim 4, wherein said forming means is a two series demodulating circuit comprising: means (121) for correlating each said isolated transmitted code series with one of said two Manchester M series and outputting a first correlation output signal; means (122) for correlating each said isolated transmitted code series with the other of said two Manchester M series and outputting a second correlation output signal; and means (123) for demodulating said first and second correlation output signals to form a corresponding said received data bit.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
28 words
An apparatus as recited in claim 5, wherein said two series demodulating circuit further comprises means (124) for carrier detection to determine whether a carrier signal is received.
Claim 8
Independent Claim
85 words
An apparatus as recited in one of the preceding claims, wherein said generating means comprises: means (131) for generating one of said two Manchester M code series; means (132) for generating the other of said two Manchester M code series; and means (133) for selectively switching one of said generated Manchester M code series as the output of said generating means, based on the binary state of said input data bit; said switching being synchronous with the period of said two Manchester M code series.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
121 words
A an apparatus as recited in claim 7, wherein said forming means comprises: first means (121) for correlating each said isolated transmitted code series with one of said two Manchester M series and outputting a first correlation output signal; second means (122) for correlating each said isolated transmitted code series with the other of said two Manchester M series and outputting a second correlation output signal; means for demodulating said first and second correlation output signals to form a corresponding said received data bit; and synchronous control means (125) responsive to said first and second correlation output signals for synchronizing said first and second correlating means (121,122) with a data interval T equal to one period of the Manchester M series.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
35 words
An apparatus as recited in claim 8, wherein said forming mean further comprises: means (124) responsive to said first and second correlation output signals for carrier detection to determine whether a carrier signal is received.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
70 words
An apparatus as recited in claim 9, wherein said synchronous control means (125) comprises: means for detecting the peak of said first and second correlation output signals; means for determining whether said detected peak is within a predetermined portion of said interval T; and means responsive to a negative determination by said determining means, for establishing synchronization between said first and second correlation output signals and said data interval T.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
75 words
An apparatus as recited in claim 10, wherein said synchronous control means (125) further comprises means for determining the condition that no carrier has been detected for a predetermined number of data intervals, and upon that condition for indicating that synchronization has not been established, whereby temporary non-detection of the carrier due to variations in the transmission characteristic of the transmission medium and the non-detection of the carrier due to ending of communication are distinguished.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
50 words
An apparatus as recited in claim 14, wherein said synchronous control means (125) further comprises synchronous tracking means for adjusting the period of the data interval whereby the peak position subsequently detected by said detecting means will move closer to the center of said predetermined position of the data interval.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
161 words
A Code Shift Keying (CSK) receiving apparatus, for a communication system wherein one of two PN (pseudo noise) code series equal in code length is generated according to the binary state of each input data bit for transmission and wherein said generated code series is transmitted over transmission medium, the PN code series to actually be transmitted has a maximum value of the absolute value of its autocorrelation which is always larger than that of the cross-correlation of the two PN code series, the CSK receiving apparatus comprising: receiving interface means (13,112B) for isolating said transmitted code series from said transmission medium; and means (14,114) responsive to each said isolated transmitted code series from said receiving interface means (13,112B) for forming a received data bit; each said received data bit having a binary state corresponding to the binary state of the input data bit according to which said transmitted code series over said transmission medium was generated by said generating means.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
161 words
A Code Shift Keying (CSK) receiving apparatus, for a communication system wherein one of two PN (pseudo noise) code series equal in code length is generated according to the binary state of each input data bit for transmission and wherein said generated code series is transmitted over transmission medium, the PN code series to actually be transmitted has a maximum value of the absolute value of its autocorrelation which is always larger than that of the cross-correlation of the two PN code series, the CSK receiving apparatus comprising: receiving interface means (13,112B) for isolating said transmitted code series from said transmission medium; and means (14,114) responsive to each said isolated transmitted code series from said receiving interface means (13,112B) for forming a received data bit; each said received data bit having a binary state corresponding to the binary state of the input data bit according to which said transmitted code series over said transmission medium was generated by said generating means.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
22 words
An apparatus as recited in claim 16, wherein said two PN code series are two Manchester M series with a predetermined period.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
89 words
An apparatus as recited in claim 17, wherein said forming means is a two series demodulating circuit comprising: means (121) for correlating each said isolated transmitted code series with one of said two Manchester M series and outputting a first correlation output signal; means (122) for correlating each said isolated transmitted code series with the other of said two Manchester M series and outputting a second correlation output signal; and means (123) for demodulating said first and second correlation output signals to form a corresponding said received data bit.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
28 words
An apparatus as recited in claim 15, wherein said two series demodulating circuit further comprises means (124) for carrier detection to determine whether a carrier signal is received.
Claim 19
Dependent Claim
120 words
An apparatus as recited in claim 14, wherein said forming means comprises: first means (121) for correlating each said isolated transmitted code series with one of said two Manchester M series and outputting a first correlation output signal; second means (122) for correlating each said isolated transmitted code series with the other of said two Manchester M series and outputting a second correlation output signal; means (123) for demodulating said first and second correlation output signals to form a corresponding said received data bit; and synchronous control means (125) responsive to said first and second correlation output signals for synchronizing said first and second correlating means with a data interval T equal to one period of the Manchester M series.
Claim 20
Dependent Claim
35 words
An apparatus as recited in claim 17, wherein said forming means further comprises: means (124) responsive to said first and second correlation output signals for carrier detection to determine whether a carrier signal is received.
Claim 21
Dependent Claim
69 words
An apparatus as recited in claim 18, wherein said synchronous control means (125) comprises: means for detecting the peak of said first and second correlation output signals; means for determining whether said detected peak is within a predetermined portion of said interval T; means responsive to a negative determination by said determining means, for establishing synchronization between said first and second correlation output signals and said data interval T.
Claim 22
Dependent Claim
75 words
An apparatus as recited in claim 19, wherein said synchronous control means (125) further comprises means for determining the condition that no carrier has been detected for a predetermined number of data intervals, and upon that condition for indicating that synchronization has not been established, whereby temporary non-detection of the carrier due to variations in the transmission characteristic of the transmission medium and the non-detection of the carrier due to ending of communication are distinguished.
Claim 23
Dependent Claim
50 words
An apparatus as recited in claim 20, wherein said synchronous control means (125) further comprises synchronous tracking means for adjusting the period of the data interval whereby the peak position subsequently detected by said detecting means will move closer to the center of said predetermined position of the data interval.
Claim 24
Dependent Claim
84 words
A Code Shift Keying (CSK) method for spectrum spread communication, comprising the steps of: generating one of two PN (pseudo noise) code series responsive to each input data bit for transmission, according to the binary state of said input data bit; one said series corresponding to one said binary state and the other of said series corresponding to the other of said binary state, said two PN code series being equal in code length; and transmitting said generated code series over a transmission medium.
Claim 25
Dependent Claim
84 words
A Code Shift Keying (CSK) method for spectrum spread communication, comprising the steps of: generating one of two PN (pseudo noise) code series responsive to each input data bit for transmission, according to the binary state of said input data bit; one said series corresponding to one said binary state and the other of said series corresponding to the other of said binary state, said two PN code series being equal in code length; and transmitting said generated code series over a transmission medium.
Claim 26
Dependent Claim
22 words
A method as recited in claim 22, wherein said two PN code series are two Manchester M series with a predetermined period.
Claim 27
Dependent Claim
31 words
A method as recited in claim 23, wherein said transmitting step comprising a step for converting said generated code series into a form corresponding to said transmission medium for transmission thereon.
Claim 28
Dependent Claim
79 words
A method as recited in claim 24, wherein said generating step comprises the steps of: generating one of said two Manchester M code series; generating the other of said two Manchester M code series; and selectively switching one of said generating Manchester M code series as the output of said generating step, according to the binary state of a corresponding said data bit for transmission; said switching being synchronous with the period of said two Manchester M code series.
Claim 29
Independent Claim
55 words
A method as recited in one of claims 23 to 25, further comprising the steps of: receiving said transmitted code series by isolating it from said transmission medium; and forming a received data bit having a binary state corresponding to that of the input data bit according to which said transmitted code series was generated.
Claim 30
Dependent Claim
91 words
A method as recited in claim 26, wherein said forming step comprises the steps of: correlating each said isolated transmitted code series with one of said Manchester M series to provide a first correlation signal; correlating each said isolated transmitted code series with the other of said two Manchester series to provide a second correlation signal; demodulating said first and second correlation signals to form a corresponding said received data bit; and synchronizing both said correlating steps with a data interval T equal to one period of the Manchester M series.
Claim 31
Dependent Claim
31 words
A method as recited in claim 27, wherein said forming step further comprises a step of: detecting from said first and second correlation output signals whether a carrier signal is received.
Claim 32
Dependent Claim
69 words
A method as recited in claim 27 or 28, wherein said synchronizing step comprises the steps of: detecting the peak of said first and second correlation output signals; determining whether said detected peak is within a predetermined portion of said interval T; and in response to a negative determination provided by said determining step, establishing synchronization between said first and second correlation output signals and said data interval T.
Claim 33
Independent Claim
79 words
A method as recited in one of claims 27 to 29 wherein said synchronizing step further comprises the step of determining the condition that no carrier has been detected for a predetermined y number of data intervals, and upon that condition for indicating that synchronization has not been established, whereby temporary non-detection of the carrier due to variations in the transmission characteristic of the transmission medium and the non-detection of the carrier due to ending of communication are distinguished.
Claim 34
Independent Claim
51 words
A method as recited in one of claims 27 to 30 wherein said synchronizing step further comprises the step of: adjusting the period of said data interval whereby the peak position subsequently detected by said detecting step will move closer to the center of said predetermined portion of the data interval.
Claim 35
Dependent Claim
126 words
A Code Shift Keying (CSK) method for spectrum spread communication wherein one of two PN (pseudo noise) code series equal in code length is generated according to the binary state of each input data bit for transmission and wherein said generated code series is transmitted over a transmission medium, the PN code series to actually be transmitted has a maximum value of the absolute value of its autocorrelation which is always larger than that of the cross-correlation of the two PN code series, comprising the steps of: receiving said transmitted code series by isolating it from said transmission medium; and forming a received data bit having a binary state corresponding to that of the input data bit according to which said transmitted code series was generated.
Claim 36
Dependent Claim
126 words
A Code Shift Keying (CSK) method for spectrum spread communication wherein one of two PN (pseudo noise) code series equal in code length is generated according to the binary state of each input data bit for transmission and wherein said generated code series is transmitted over a transmission medium, the PN code series to actually be transmitted has a maximum value of the absolute value of its autocorrelation which is always larger than that of the cross-correlation of the two PN code series, comprising the steps of: receiving said transmitted code series by isolating it from said transmission medium; and forming a received data bit having a binary state corresponding to that of the input data bit according to which said transmitted code series was generated.
Claim 37
Dependent Claim
22 words
A method as recited in claim 32, wherein said two PN code series are two Manchester M series with a predetermined period.
Claim 38
Dependent Claim
91 words
A method as recited in claim 33, wherein said forming step comprises the steps of: correlating each said isolated transmitted code series with one of said Manchester M series to provide a first correlation signal; correlating each said isolated transmitted code series with the other of said two Manchester series to provide a second correlation signal; demodulating said first and second correlation signals to form a corresponding said received data bit; and synchronizing both said correlating steps with a data interval T equal to one period of the Manchester M series.
Claim 39
Dependent Claim
31 words
A method as recited in claim 34, wherein said forming step further comprises a step of: detecting from said first and second correlation output signals whether a carrier signal is received.
Claim 40
Dependent Claim
69 words
A method as recited in claim 34 or 35, wherein said synchronizing step comprises the steps of: detecting the peak of said first and second correlation output signals; determining whether said detected peak is within a predetermined portion of said interval T; and in response to a negative determination provided by said determining step, establishing synchronization between said first and second correlation output signals and said data interval T.
Claim 41
Independent Claim
78 words
A method as recited in one of claims 34 to 36, wherein said synchronizing step comprises the step of: determining the condition that no carrier has been detected for a predetermined y number of data intervals, and upon that condition for indicating that synchronization has not been established; whereby temporary non-detection of the carrier due to variations in the transmission characteristic of the transmission medium and the non-detection of the carrier due to ending of communication are distinguished.
Claim 42
Independent Claim
51 words
A method as recited in one of claims 34 to 37, wherein said synchronizing step further comprises the step of: adjusting the period of said data interval whereby the peak position subsequently detected by said detecting step will move closer to the center of said predetermined portion of the data interval.
References Cited (Backward Citations)
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