Patent US4041909A successfully refreshed from Google Patents.
EP0336658A2
Expired / Lapsed
EP
⏱️ 0.0 years remaining
Vector quantization in a harmonic speech coding arrangement
Assignee: AT&T Inc
•
Filing: 1989-03-31
•
Granted: —
•
Expires: 2009-03-31
Abstract
Abstract A harmonic speech coding arrangement where vector quantization is used to improve speech quality. Parameters are determined at the analyzer (120) of an illustrative coding arrangement to model the magnitude and phase spectra of the input speech. A first codebook of vectors is searched for a vector that closely approximates the difference between the true and estimated magnitude spectra. A second codebook of vectors is searched for a vector that closely approximates the difference between the true and the estimated phase spectra. Indices and scaling factors for the vectors are communicated to the synthesizer (160) such that scaled vectors can be added into the magnitude and phase spectra for use at the synthesizer in generating speech as a sum of sinusoids.
Inventors
- 👤 David L. Thomson
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
EP
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-10-31 17:38
CPC Classifications
G; G10; G10L; G10L19/00; G10L19/02; G10L19/032; G10L19/038
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 30
Claim 1
Independent Claim
103 words
In a harmonic speech encoding arrangement, a method of processing speech comprising determining a spectrum from said speech, calculating, based on said determined spectrum, a set of parameters modeling said speech, said parameter set for use in determining a plurality of sinusoids and communicating said parameter set for speech synthesis as a sum of said sinusoids, wherein said calculating comprises computing, based on said determined spectrum, a subset of said parameter set for use in determining sinusoidal frequency of at least one of said sinusoids, and wherein at least one parameter of said parameter set comprises an index to a codebook of vectors.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
103 words
In a harmonic speech encoding arrangement, a method of processing speech comprising determining a spectrum from said speech, calculating, based on said determined spectrum, a set of parameters modeling said speech, said parameter set for use in determining a plurality of sinusoids and communicating said parameter set for speech synthesis as a sum of said sinusoids, wherein said calculating comprises computing, based on said determined spectrum, a subset of said parameter set for use in determining sinusoidal frequency of at least one of said sinusoids, and wherein at least one parameter of said parameter set comprises an index to a codebook of vectors.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
15 words
A method in accordance with claim 1 wherein said determined spectrum comprises a magnitude spectrum.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
28 words
A method in accordance with claim 2 wherein said codebook of vectors comprises vectors constructed from the transform of a plurality of sinusoids with random frequencies and amplitudes.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
27 words
A method in accordance with. claim 2 wherein said calculating comprises finding peaks in said magnitude spectrum, and determining a plurality of sinusoids corresponding to said peaks.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
15 words
A method in accordance with claim 1 wherein said determined spectrum comprises a phase spectrum.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
20 words
A method in accordance with claim 5 wherein said codebook of vectors comprises vectors constructed from white Gaussian noise sequences.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
77 words
A method in accordance with claim 1 wherein said determining comprises determining a magnitude spectrum and a phase spectrum, and wherein said calculating comprises calculating said parameter set comprising first parameters modeling said determined magnitude spectrum and second parameters modeling said determined phase spectrum, at least one of said first parameters comprising an index to a first codebook of vectors, and at least one of said second parameters comprising an index to a second codebook of vectors.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
65 words
A method in accordance with claim 1 wherein said calculating comprises determining a plurality of sinusoids from said determined spectrum, including determining sinusoidal amplitude of each of said last-mentioned plurality of sinusoids, estimating, based on said speech, sinusoidal amplitude of each of said last-mentioned plurality of sinusoids, and vector quantizing error between said determined sinusoidal amplitudes and said estimated sinusoidal amplitudes to determine said index.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
65 words
A method in accordance with claim 1 wherein said calculating comprises determining a plurality of sinusoids from said determined spectrum, including determining sinusoidal frequency of each of said last-mentioned plurality of sinusoids, estimating, based on said speech, sinusoidal frequency of each of said last-mentioned plurality of sinusoids, and vector quantizing error between said determined sinusoidal frequencies and said estimated sinusoidal frequencies to determine said index.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
63 words
A method in accordance with claim 1 wherein said calculating comprises determining a plurality of sinusoids from said determined spectrum, including determining sinusoidal phase of each of said last-mentioned plurality of sinusoids, estimating, based on said speech, sinusoidal phase of each of said last-mentioned sinusoids, and vector quantizing error between said determined sinusoidal phases and said estimated sinusoidal phases to determine said index.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
18 words
A method in accordance with claim 1 wherein said determined spectrum comprises a one-dimensional transform of said speech.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
18 words
A method in accordance with claim 1 wherein said determined spectrum comprises a Fourier transform of said speech.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
19 words
A method in accordance with claim 1 wherein said determined spectrum comprises a Fast Fourier Transform of said speech.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
15 words
A method in accordance with claim 1 wherein said determined spectrum comprises an interpolated spectrum.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
44 words
A method in accordance with claim 1 wherein said calculating comprises determining a plurality of sinusoids from said determined spectrum, and selecting said index to minimize error in modeling said determined spectrum in accordance with an error criterion at the frequencies of said sinusoids.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
75 words
In a harmonic speech coding arrangement, a method of synthesizing speech comprising receiving a set of parameters including at least one parameter comprising an index to a codebook of vectors, processing said parameter set to determine a plurality of sinusoids having nonuniformly spaced sinusoidal frequencies, at least one of said sinusoids being determined based in part on a vector of said codebook defined by said index, and synthesizing speech as a sum of said sinusoids.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
75 words
In a harmonic speech coding arrangement, a method of synthesizing speech comprising receiving a set of parameters including at least one parameter comprising an index to a codebook of vectors, processing said parameter set to determine a plurality of sinusoids having nonuniformly spaced sinusoidal frequencies, at least one of said sinusoids being determined based in part on a vector of said codebook defined by said index, and synthesizing speech as a sum of said sinusoids.
Claim 19
Dependent Claim
26 words
A method in accordance with claim 16 wherein said processing comprises determining sinusoidal frequency for each of said sinusoids based in part on said defined vector.
Claim 20
Dependent Claim
26 words
A method in accordance with claim 16 wherein said processing comprises determining sinusoidal amplitude for each of said sinusoids based in part on said defined vector.
Claim 21
Dependent Claim
26 words
A method in accordance with claim 16 wherein said processing comprises determining sinusoidal phase for each of said sinusoids based in part on said defined vector.
Claim 22
Dependent Claim
102 words
In a harmonic speech coding arrangement, a method of processing speech comprising determining a spectrum from said speech, said spectrum comprising a plurality of samples, calculating, based on said determined spectrum, a set of parameters modeling said speech, at least one of said parameters comprising an index to a codebook of vectors, processing said parameter set to determine a plurality of sinusoids, at least one of said sinusoids being determined based in part on a vector defined by said index, the number of said sinusoids being less than the number of said samples, and synthesizing speech as a sum of said sinusoids.
Claim 23
Dependent Claim
102 words
In a harmonic speech coding arrangement, a method of processing speech comprising determining a spectrum from said speech, said spectrum comprising a plurality of samples, calculating, based on said determined spectrum, a set of parameters modeling said speech, at least one of said parameters comprising an index to a codebook of vectors, processing said parameter set to determine a plurality of sinusoids, at least one of said sinusoids being determined based in part on a vector defined by said index, the number of said sinusoids being less than the number of said samples, and synthesizing speech as a sum of said sinusoids.
Claim 24
Dependent Claim
22 words
A method in accordance with claim 20 further comprising determining sinusoidal frequency of at least one of said sinusoids from said speech.
Claim 25
Dependent Claim
23 words
A method in accordance with claim 20 further comprising determining sinusoidal frequency of at least one of said sinusoids from said determined spectrum.
Claim 26
Dependent Claim
17 words
A method in accordance with claim 20 wherein said plurality of sinusoids have nonuniformly spaced sinusoidal frequencies.
Claim 27
Dependent Claim
107 words
In a harmonic speech coding arrangement, a speech analyzer comprising means responsive to speech for determining a spectrum, means responsive to said determining means for calculating a set of parameters modeling said speech, at least one of said parameters comprising an index to a codebook of vectors, said parameter set for use in determining a plurality of sinusoids, said calculating means further comprising means responsive to said determining means for computing, based on said determined spectrum, a subset of said parameter set for use in determining sinusoidal frequency of at least one of said sinusoids, and means for communicating said parameter set for use in speech synthesis.
Claim 28
Dependent Claim
107 words
In a harmonic speech coding arrangement, a speech analyzer comprising means responsive to speech for determining a spectrum, means responsive to said determining means for calculating a set of parameters modeling said speech, at least one of said parameters comprising an index to a codebook of vectors, said parameter set for use in determining a plurality of sinusoids, said calculating means further comprising means responsive to said determining means for computing, based on said determined spectrum, a subset of said parameter set for use in determining sinusoidal frequency of at least one of said sinusoids, and means for communicating said parameter set for use in speech synthesis.
Claim 29
Dependent Claim
80 words
In a harmonic speech coding arrangement, a speech synthesizer comprising means, responsive to receipt of a set of parameters including at least one parameter comprising an index to a codebook of vectors, for processing said parameter set to determine a plurality of siriusoids having nonuniformly spaced sinusoidal frequencies, at least one of said sinusoids being determined based in part on a vector of said codebook defined by said index, and means for synthesizing speech as a sum of said sinusoids.
Claim 30
Dependent Claim
80 words
In a harmonic speech coding arrangement, a speech synthesizer comprising means, responsive to receipt of a set of parameters including at least one parameter comprising an index to a codebook of vectors, for processing said parameter set to determine a plurality of siriusoids having nonuniformly spaced sinusoidal frequencies, at least one of said sinusoids being determined based in part on a vector of said codebook defined by said index, and means for synthesizing speech as a sum of said sinusoids.
References Cited (Backward Citations)
No citation records indexed.
USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
Maintenance schedule is calculated for granted US utility patents.