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EP0333321A2 Expired / Lapsed EP ⏱️ 0.0 years remaining

Even mark modulation coding

Assignee: International Business Machines Corp
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Filing: 1989-02-15
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Granted: —
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Expires: 2009-02-15
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Abstract

Abstract A method termed Even Mark Modulation (EMM) is disclosed for coding input strings for input-restricted (1 + D) or (1 + D)² partial response channels that require at least one pair of consecutive signals of one state in order to record or transmit data to a receiving device. EMM provides improved coding gains and is especially suitable for optical recording. An input string is encoded into a binary code string in which all one-state signals (e.g., "1's") are in the form of runs of at least one contiguous pair; however, signals of an opposite state (e.g., "0's") may be of any length or duration. The EMM signals are detected with a maximum likelihood detector using an algorithm based on a three-state trellis structure for (1 + D) channels and a five-state trellis structure for (1 + D)² channels adapted to the particular partial response channel. In a preferred embodiment, the coding rate is 2/3 and the coding gain is at least 3 dB un-normalised and at least 2.2 dB when normalised. A finite-state encoder and sliding block decoder are disclosed, together with logic equations for encoder and decoder circuits.

Inventors

  • 👤 Razmik Karabed
  • 👤 Paul Howard Siegel

Bibliographic Details

Application Number —
Jurisdiction EP
Data Source google_patents
Last Synchronized 2026-10-27 17:22
CPC Classifications
G; G11; G11B; G11B20/00; G11B20/10; G11B20/10009; H; H03; H03M; H03M5/00; H03M5/02; H03M5/04; H03M5/14; H03M5/145; H04; H04L; H04L25/00; H04L25/38; H04L25/40; H04L25/49; H04L25/4906; H04L25/4908; H04L25/497

Claims Analysis

Total Claims: 11
Claim 1
Independent Claim 78 words
A method for coding input strings for a binary (1 + D) or (1 + D)² partial response channel that requires at least two consecutive signals of one state in order to record or transmit data to a receiving device, which includes the step of encoding an input string into a binary code string according to an EMM constraint in which all one-state signals are in pairs, and signals of an opposite state need not be in pairs.
Claim 2
Independent Claim 78 words
A method for coding input strings for a binary (1 + D) or (1 + D)² partial response channel that requires at least two consecutive signals of one state in order to record or transmit data to a receiving device, which includes the step of encoding an input string into a binary code string according to an EMM constraint in which all one-state signals are in pairs, and signals of an opposite state need not be in pairs.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim 20 words
A method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the one-state signals are in runs of one or more contiguous pairs.
Claim 4
Independent Claim 43 words
A method as claimed in either preceding claim, wherein the maximum run of consecutive one-state state signals is limited to eliminate EMM sequences that produce worst-case performance by improving timing and gain control by limiting the maximum run of consecutive channel output values.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim 18 words
A method as claimed in claim 3, wherein the maximum run of one-state signals is six consecutive pairs.
Claim 6
Independent Claim 45 words
A method as claimed in any of claims 1 to 3, including the further steps of: supplying to the channel the binary code string satisfying the EMM constraint; generating a channel output sequence; and detecting a most probable EMM sequence from the channel output sequence.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim 43 words
A method as claimed in claim 5, including the further step of decoding the most probable EMM sequence for generating EMM code output data and wherein there are no more than eight consecutive signals of the opposite state in the channel output sequence.
Claim 8
Independent Claim 42 words
A method as claimed in any preceding claim for a (1 + D) partial response channel, wherein a maximum likelihood algorithm based upon a three-state trellis structure incorporating a difference metric calculation is used to obviate the need for re-normalisation of metrics.
Claim 9
Independent Claim 45 words
A method as claimed in any of claims 1 to 6 for a (1 + D)² partial response channel, wherein a maximum likelihood algorithm based upon a five-state trellis structure incorporating a difference metric calculation is used to obviate the need for re-normalisation of metrics.
Claim 10
Independent Claim 28 words
A method as claimed in any preceding claim, wherein the binary code has an un-normalised coding gain of at least 3 dB with respect to the uncoded channel.
Claim 11
Independent Claim 18 words
A method as claimed in any preceding claim, wherein the binary code has a coding rate of 2/3.

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