EP0143582A2
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EP
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Bipolar membranes
Assignee: Chinese Petroleum Corp
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Filing: 1984-11-14
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Granted: —
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Expires: 2004-11-14
Abstract
Abstract An improved bipolar membrane, a precursor for said membrane and a process for preparing bipolar membranes and precursors are described. In the process a precursor is formed by laminating at least two polymeric layers at least one of which is non-ionic. After the formation of the precursor, the non-ionic layer or layers are chemically treated to form a stable bipolar membrane having high permselectivity and low potential drop. The novel bipolar membrane contains an interfacial layer having anionic and cationic domains.
Inventors
- 👤 Kang-Jen Liu
- 👤 Ho-Lun Lee
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
EP
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-11-04 16:21
CPC Classifications
B; B01; B01D; B01D61/00; B01D61/42; B01D61/44; B01D61/445; C; C08; C08J; C08J5/00; C08J5/20; C08J5/22; B32; B32B; B32B27/00; B32B27/06; B32B27/08; B32B27/30; B32B27/304; B32B7/00; B32B7/04; B32B7/10; C08J5/2206; C08J5/2275; C08J2327/00; C08J2327/02; C08J2327/04; C08J2327/06; Y; Y02; Y02A; Y02A20/00; Y02A20/124; Y10; Y10T; Y10T428/00; Y10T428/31504; Y10T428/31855; Y10T428/31909; Y10T428/31928; Y10T428/31935
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 17
Claim 1
Independent Claim
90 words
A laminate structure useful in the manufacture of bipolar membranes characterised in that it comprises a laminate of at least two polymeric layers, at least one of which is a non-ionic layer containing chemically reactive sites in contact with either an anionic or a cationic layer, said reactive sites in said non-ionic layer being such that they may be reacted ultimately to form an anionic layer where the contacting polymeric layer is a cationic layer or to form a cationic layer where the contacting polymeric layer is an anionic layer.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
90 words
A laminate structure useful in the manufacture of bipolar membranes characterised in that it comprises a laminate of at least two polymeric layers, at least one of which is a non-ionic layer containing chemically reactive sites in contact with either an anionic or a cationic layer, said reactive sites in said non-ionic layer being such that they may be reacted ultimately to form an anionic layer where the contacting polymeric layer is a cationic layer or to form a cationic layer where the contacting polymeric layer is an anionic layer.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
59 words
A laminate structure according to claim 1, characterised in that an intermediate -ion-exchange layer is interposed between a non-ionic layer and another ion-exchange layer and wherein the non-ionic layer and the intermediate ion-exchange layer contain reactive sites which may ultimately be reacted to additional ion-exchange domains and wherein the other ion-exchange layer is substantially free of such reactive sites.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
38 words
A laminate structure according to claim 1 or claim 2 characterised in that the non-ionic layer consists of divinylbenzene-vinylbenzyl chloride resin in a matrix polymer and the ion-exchange resin layer consists of cation-exchange resin in a matrix polymer.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
44 words
A bipolar membrane structure characterised in that it comprises anionic and cationic layers and at least one interfacial layer composed of an ion-exchange resin dispersed in a homogeneous, fixed polymer matrix having ionic groups, such that the matrix and the resin are oppositely charged.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
44 words
A bipolar membrane structure characterised in that it comprises anionic and cationic layers and at least one interfacial layer composed of an ion-exchange resin dispersed in a homogeneous, fixed polymer matrix having ionic groups, such that the matrix and the resin are oppositely charged.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
32 words
A structure according to claim 4 characterised in that the resin is a cation-exchange resin, and the matrix is vinylbenzyl chloride-styrene copolymer aminated and crosslinked by diamines or polyamines, or mixed amines.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
107 words
A process for preparing a bipolar membrane having high permselectivity and low membrane potential drop characterised in that the process comprises forming a structure of one or more non-ionic layers containing chemically reactive groups; joining to said structure a ion-exchange layer; optionally joining to the ion-exchange layer of the resulting laminate one or more ion-exchange layers or to the non-ionic layer of the resulting laminate one or more layers; and thereafter reacting said one or more non-ionic layers with a reagent capable of converting said reactive groups into ion-exchange materials having a charge opposite to that of the ionic groups originally present in the said ion-exchange layer.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
107 words
A process for preparing a bipolar membrane having high permselectivity and low membrane potential drop characterised in that the process comprises forming a structure of one or more non-ionic layers containing chemically reactive groups; joining to said structure a ion-exchange layer; optionally joining to the ion-exchange layer of the resulting laminate one or more ion-exchange layers or to the non-ionic layer of the resulting laminate one or more layers; and thereafter reacting said one or more non-ionic layers with a reagent capable of converting said reactive groups into ion-exchange materials having a charge opposite to that of the ionic groups originally present in the said ion-exchange layer.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
31 words
A process according to claim 6 characterised in that said non-ionic layer is aminated to form an anion-exchange layer, and the ion-exchange layer is a cation-exchange resin in a polymer matrix.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
25 words
A process according to claim 6 characterised in that the non-ionic layer is aminated with an organic amine having from 1 to 1000 carbon atoms.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
21 words
A process according to claim 8 characterised in that the amine contains at least two primary, secondary, or tertiary amine groups.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
24 words
The process according to claim 7 characterised in that the amine is at least one of the compounds selected from N,N-dimethy1-1,3-propanediamine and N,N,N', N'-tetramethyl-1,6-hexanediamine.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
27 words
A process according to claim 6 characterised in that the non-ionic layer is sulfonated to form a cation-exchange layer and the ion-exchange layer is an anion-exchange layer.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
70 words
A process according to claim 6 characterised in that the non-ionic layers consist of a layer of divinylbenzene-vinylbenzyl chloride resin in an inert polymer matrix joined to a layer of the same resin in a polymer matrix, and the ionic layers consist of a layer containing cation-exchange resin in a vinylbenzyl chloride-styrene copolymer joined to the non-ionic layers, and an additional layer containing cation-exchange resin in an inert polymer matrix.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
115 words
A process for preparing a bipolar membrane characterised in that it com- prises forming a first layer containing PVC and a divinylbenzene-vinylbenzyl chloride resin; drying said layer; forming upon said first layer a second layer having the same polymeric constituents as the first layer but with a lesser amount of polyvinyl chloride; drying said second layer; forming a third layer on said second layer, said layer containing a vinylbenzyl chloride-styrene copolymer and a cation-exchange resin; drying said third layer; forming on said third layer a fourth layer containing polyvinylchloride and a cation-exchange resin; drying said fourth layer; and thereafter aminating the resulting structure so as to convert said first and second layers to anion-exchange layers.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
115 words
A process for preparing a bipolar membrane characterised in that it com- prises forming a first layer containing PVC and a divinylbenzene-vinylbenzyl chloride resin; drying said layer; forming upon said first layer a second layer having the same polymeric constituents as the first layer but with a lesser amount of polyvinyl chloride; drying said second layer; forming a third layer on said second layer, said layer containing a vinylbenzyl chloride-styrene copolymer and a cation-exchange resin; drying said third layer; forming on said third layer a fourth layer containing polyvinylchloride and a cation-exchange resin; drying said fourth layer; and thereafter aminating the resulting structure so as to convert said first and second layers to anion-exchange layers.
References Cited (Backward Citations)
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