Mixtures of quaternary polymeric acrylic ammonium salts, quaternary mono- or oligomeric ammonium salts and surfactants, their preparation and their use in cosmetic compositions

Claim 2

Am aqueous composition of polymeric, quaternary ammomium salts, of monomeric to oligomeric, quaternary ammonium salts and of monionic or anionic surfactants, which composition has a pH value of 3 to 9 and contains at least (A) one ammomium salt which is soluble or micro-emulsifiable im aqueous surfactant systems and has a molecular weight distribution of 10 4 to 10 9 , the molecular weight of at least 5 per cent by weight of the polymeric salt being 10 7 to 10 9 , said salt containing recurring structural units of the formula and, optionally, in any order, at least one of the recurring structural units of the formulae and wherein A 1 , A 2 , A3 amd A4 are each hydrogen or methyl, G 1 and G 2 are different from each other and are each -CN, -COOH or D 1 and D 2 are each oxygen or -NH-, E 1 and E 2 are each C 1 -C 4 alkylene which is unsubstituted or substituted by hydroxyl, R 1 , R 2 , R 3 and R 4 are each methyl or ethyl, Q is alkyl, C 1 -C 4 hydroxyalkyl or benzyl and Y 1 ⊖ is a halide, alkylsulfate or alkylphosphonate anion containing 1 to 4 carbon atoms in the alkyl moiety, (B) an ammonium salt which contains 1 to 3 quaternary nitrogen atoms and has a molecular weight of not more than 9 000, and (C) a nonionic surfactant, a surfactant having a positive and a negative charge im each molecule or an anionic surfactant which may be im zwitterion form, or mixtures thereof, with the proviso that if component (C) is an aniomic surfactant, the polymeric ammonium salt used as componemt (A), im addition to containing structural units of the formula also contains structural units of the formula and the anionic surfactant has been at least partially reacted by ion exchange with components (A) and (B).

Claim 3

A composition according to claim 1, wherein component (A) is an ammonium salt which contains om average 5 to 100 mol %, or, if component (C) is an anionic surfactant, on average 5 to 80 mol %, of structural units of the formula 0 to an average of 95 mol %, or, if component (C) is an anionic surfactamt as, on average 10 to 75 mol %, of structural units of the formula and 0 to an average of 10 mol % of structural units of the formula wherein A 1 , A 2 , A3, A4, D 1 , E 1 , G 1 , G 2 , R 1 , R 2 , Q and Y 1 ⊖ are as defined in claim 1.

Claim 4

A composition according to either of claims 1 or 2, wherein component (B) is an ammonium salt of the formula or preferably of the formula wherein L, is hydrogen or alkyl or alkenyl which contains not more than 4 carbon atoms and is unsubstituted, or substituted by hydroxyl, L 2 , L 3 and L 4 are each unbranched or branched alkyl or alkenyl which contains not more than 22 carbon atoms and can be interrupted by oxygen atoms or acid amide radicals and can be terminally substituted by hydroxyl, carbamoyl, dialkylamino, unsubstituted phenyl or phenoxy or halogen- substituted or halomethyl-substituted phenyl or phenoxy, said L 2 , L 3 and L 4 radicals which are interrupted by -0- or -CONH- each containing a total of not more than 120 carbon atoms or, where the ammonium salt contains two quaternary nitrogen atoms, one of the L 2 , L 3 or L 4 radicals of the indicated kind is terminally substituted by a dialkylammonium or trialkylammonium cation, the alkyl moieties of alkylamino or alkylammonium substituents containing 1 to 4 carbon atoms and being unsubstituted or substituted by hydroxyl, or L 3 amd L 4 , together with the quaternary nitrogen atom, form a 4,5-di-hydroimidazole ring or a 3,4,5,6-tetrahydropyrimidine ring, said rings being substituted in the 2-position by alkyl of 1 to 22 carbon atoms and being substituted at the quaternary nitrogen atom by L 1 and L 2 , each of which is as defined, or, where the ammonium salt contains 3 quaternary nitrogen atoms, L, and L 2 are as defined for L 1 ; L 3 is carboalkoxyalkyl or carboalkenyloxyalkyl containing 8 to 22 carbon atoms in the carboalkoxy or carboalkenyloxy moiety and 1 or 2 carbon atoms in the alkyl moiety; and L 4 is a straight-chain alkyl radical which contains 5 to 8 carbon atoms and is interrupted by 2 quaternary nitrogen atoms which are linked through ethylene or propylene and are each substituted by L 1 and L 3 radicals as defined above, L 5 is hydrogen, C 1 -C 4 alkyl or C 2 -C 4 hydroxyalkyl or C 3 -C 4 alkenyl, L 6 , L 7 and L 8 are each C 1 -C 22 alkyl, C 2 -C 4 hydroxyalkyl, C 3 -C 22 alkenyl or radicals of the formulae in which L 9 is hydroxyethyl or C 1 -C 22 alkyl or L 9 is a radical of the formula or in which L 10 and L 11 are each methyl, ethyl or hydroxyethyl and L 12 is hydrogen, methyl, ethyl or hydroxyethyl, a is 1 to 22, b is 1 to 40 and c is 1 to 6, or L 7 and L 8 , together with the quaternary nitrogen atom, are a ring of the formula in which L 13 is alkyl or alkenyl, each of 8 to 22 carbon atoms, and n, n', n" and n" are each 1 or 2, and Y 2 9 is a halide, alkylsulfate or alkylphosphonate anion having 1 to 4 carbon atoms in the alkyl moiety or the anion of an alkylcarboxylic acid or a hydroxycarboxylic acid having not more than 6 carbon atons or a phosphoric acid.

Claim 5

A composition according to claim 3, wherein component (B) is an ammoniun salt of the formula or preferably in which L 4 and L are each C 1 -C 4 alkyl L 16 is hydrogen, C 1 -C 4 alkyl or C 2 -C 4 hydroxyalkyl or -CH -CO-NH L 7 is C 1 -C 22 alkyl and L 18 is C 10 -C 22 alkyl, benzyl, phenoxymethylene or phenoxyethylene, Y⊖ 3 is a chloride, methylsulfate or acetate ion, and Y 4 e is a chloride, methylsulfate or acetate anion or, if L 16 is hydrogen, is a citrate, lactate or phosphate anion, and L 5 , L 10 , L 11 , L 13 and c are as defined in claim 3.

Claim 6

A composition according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the nonionic surfactant of component (C) is selected from ethoxylated fatty acids, fatty alcohols, fatty acid amides, alkylphenols or carbohydrates, adducts formed from ethylene oxide and propylene oxide, phosphoric acid polyglycol esters or amine oxides, preferably of one of the formulae in which T, is alkyl or alkenyl, each of 7 to 21 carbon atoms, T 2 is alkyl or alkenyl each of 8 to 22 carbon atoms, T 3 , T' 3 , T 3 " and T 3 '" are each alkyl or alkenyl of 6 to 14 carbon atoms, p is an integer from 1 to 50, each of q, q' and q" is an integer from 1 to 13, s is 3 or 4, and x, y and z are identical or different integers.

Claim 7

A composition according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the surfactant having a positive and a negative charge in each molecule, as component (C), is selected from betaines or sulfobetaines derived from an imidazoline derivative or from an open-chain, aliphatic amine, said betaines having preferably one of the formulae in which T 1 is alkyl or alkenyl having 7 to 21 carbon atoms, T 2 is alkylor alkenyl having 8 to 22 atoms and p, p' and p" are each an integer from 1 to 50, and t is 1 or 2.

Claim 8

A composition according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the anionic surfactant of component (C) is a surfactant of the formula X e Z⊕ in which X 9 is the radical of a surface-active sarcosinate, a fluorinated surfactant or of a phosphate surfactant and Z⊕ is an alkali metal cation or an ammonium cation which is unsubstituted or substituted by 1 to 3 (C 1 -C 4 )alkyl or (C 1 -C 4 )alkanol radicals, said surfactant preferably corresponding to one of the formulae wherein T 1 and T' 1 are each alkyl or alkenyl of 7 to 21 carbon atoms, T 2 is alkyl or alkenyl, each of 8 to 22 carbon atoms, T 3 and T' 3 are each alkyl or alkenyl of 6 to 14 carbon atoms, T 4 is perfluorinated alkyl or alkenyl, each of 6 to 14 carbon atoms, M is hydrogen, ammoniun, an alkali metal or alkyl having 1 to 3 carbon atoms, p and p' are each an integer from 1 to 50, r is an integer from 2 to 6, t is 1 or 2 and Z⊕ is as defined above.

Claim 9

A composition according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the anionic surfactant in zwitterion form of couponent (C) is a surfactant of the formula X⊖ Z⊕ in which X⊖ is the radical of a surfaceactive N-alkyl-a-iminodipropionate or of an imidazolinium dicarboxylic acid derivative which is substituted by alkyl in the 2- position, said surfactant corresponding preferably to one of the formulae or in which T 3 is alkyl or alkenyl each of 6 to 14 carbon atoms, and Z 9 is as defined in claim 7.

Claim 10

A composition according to any one of claims 1 to 8, which contains components (A), (B) and (C) in a weight ratio of (A):(B):(C) of 1 :(1 to 10):(2 to 400).

Claim 11

A process for the preparation of the composition as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 9, by polymerising a monomer of the formula and, optionally at least one comonomer of one of the formulae in which A 1 , A 2 , A3, A4, A 1 , E 1 , G 1 . R 1 . R 2 . Q and Y, 9 are as defined in claim 1, by water-in-oil emulsion polymerisation in the presence of a water-in-oil emulsifier and optionally an emulsion stabiliser, or by solution polymerisation, in each case in the presence of a polymerisation initiator, to give component (A), precipitating the polymer with a solvent which is soluble in water and in oil and then drying the precipitate which process comprises using the resultant polymer as component (A) and mixing it in an aqueous medium with at least one ammonium salt containing 1 to 3 quaternary nitrogen atoms and having a molecular weight of not more than 9000, as component (B), and also with at least one nonionic surfactant, a surfactant having a positive and a negative charge in each molecule or an anionic surfactant which may be in zwitterion from, as component (C), in the temperature range from 10 to 90° C and at a pH value of 5 to 9, and, if component (C) is an anionic surfactant which may be in zwitterion form, of the formula X e Z O according to any one of claims 21 to 30, simultaneously reacting the anionic surfactant at least partially by ion exchange with the copolymer which has been prepared using the comonomer as component (A), and with the ammonium salt containing 1 to 3 quaternary nitrogen atoms as component (B).

Claim 12

A process according to claim 10, which comprises using an excess of preferably 4 to 500 moles of at least one anionic surfactant which nay be in zwitterion form according to either of claims 7 or 8 per mole of monomeric quaternary ammonium salt employed in the preparation of component (A), and per mole of component (B).

Claim 13

Use of a composition as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 9 in cosmetic, preferably hair cosmetic, compositions.

Claim 14

A cosmetic, preferably hair care cosmetic, composition, which contains at least one composition as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 9, preferably 0.05 to 1.5 parts by weight, calculated as active substance, of at least one polymeric ammonium salt as component (A), 0.1 to 10 parts by weight, calculated as active substance, of at least one monomeric to oligomeric ammonium salt as component (B), 5 to 20 parts by weight, calculated as active substance, of at least one nonionic surfactant, of a surfactant that carries one positive and one negative charge in each molecule or of an anionic surfactant which may be in zwitterion form as component (C), and optional cosmetic assistants, which composition is preferably diluted with deionised water to a total of 100 parts by weight and adjusted to a pH value of 5 to 8, preferably 5 to 6, with an aqueous solution of sodium hydroxide or citric acid.

Claim 15

A method of treating hair, which comprises applying a cosmetic composition as claimed in claim 13 at 20° to 40° C to hair which has been moistened with mains water, and shampooing and conditioning said hair.