EP0078404A2
Expired / Lapsed
EP
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Electric energy storage devices
Assignee: On Semiconductor Corp
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Filing: 1982-09-30
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Granted: —
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Expires: 2002-09-30
Abstract
Abstract This invention relates to novel type electrochemical devices such as capacitors or batteries, among other, devices, which have high capacitance or power to volume or weight ratios, or which have other valuable characteristics, and which are characterized by the practical use of one or more phenomena, including pseudocapacitance, "kinetic reversibility" (passage of approximately equal and substantial charge or discharge currents at about the same rate), "coulombic reversibility" (passage of substantially equal numbers of coulombs in the charging and discharging of the device), distinguishable energy states of electrodeposited species on surfaces, creation of surface layers, electrochromic effects. negative differential resistance, and frequency multiplying effects which occur during, or as a result of, the formation or modification of an electrodeposited layer or layers on, or separation of charges in double layers in, one or more electrodes and/or as a result of the reaction(s) occurring between electrode and electrolyte.
Inventors
- 👤 Dwight R. Craig
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
EP
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-10-28 06:28
CPC Classifications
H; H01; H01M; H01M14/00; H01G; H01G11/00; H01G11/02; H01G11/14; H01G11/22; H01G11/30; H01G11/46; Y; Y02; Y02E; Y02E60/00; Y02E60/13
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 27
Claim 1
Independent Claim
75 words
Claim 1 An electrical energy storage device which is a rechargeable electrochemical cell or plurality of cells comprising at least two electrodes, an electrolyte, and a container therefore wherein at least one electrode is characterized by having as its active electrochemical material a metal or a compound of such metal or mixture thereof having a voltammogram whose charge/discharge curve trace sections are in substantially "mirror image" form when used in the presence of the electrolyte.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
28 words
Claim 2 An electrical energy storage device in accordance with Claim 1 wherein both electrodes are characterized by having their active electrochemical materials composed of the same substance.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
34 words
Claim 3 An electrical energy storage device in accordance with Claim 1 wherein the active electrochemical material is composed of an oxide or a mixture of oxides of the same or of different metals.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
18 words
Claim 4 An electrical energy storage device in accordance with Claim 3 wherein the oxide is of ruthenium.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
22 words
Claim 5 An electrical energy storage device in accordance with Claim 3 wherein the oxide is a mixture of ruthenium and tantalum.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
18 words
Claim 6 An electrical energy storage device in accordance with Claim 3 wherein the oxide is of molybdenum.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
18 words
Claim 7 An electrical energy storage device in accordance with Claim 3 wherein the oxide is of tungsten.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
20 words
Claim 8 An electrical energy storage device in accordance with Claim 1 wherein the active electrochemical surface is a metal.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
17 words
Claim 9 An electrical energy storage device in accordance with Claim 8 wherein the metal is iridium.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
18 words
Claim 10 An electrical energy storage device in accordance with Claim 1 wherein the electrolyte is a liquid.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
18 words
Claim 11 An electrical energy storage device in accordance with Claim 1 wherein the electrolyte is a solid.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
20 words
Claim 12 An electrical energy storage device in accordance with Claim 10 wherein the liquid is an aqueous inorganic acid.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
20 words
Claim 13 An electrical energy storage device in accordance with Claim 12 wherein the aqueous inorganic acid is sulfuric acid.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
19 words
Claim 14 An electrical energy storage device in accordance with Claim 10 wherein the liquid is an aqueous base.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
19 words
Claim 15 An electrical energy storage device in accordance with Claim 14 wherein the aqueous base is caustic soda.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
20 words
Claim 16 An electrical energy storage device in accordance with Claim 10 wherein the liquid is an aqueous neutral salt.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
20 words
Claim 17 An electrical energy storage device in accordance with Claim 16 wherein the aqueous neutral salt is sodium sulfate.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
9 words
Claim 18 A battery in accordance with Claim 1.
Claim 19
Dependent Claim
9 words
Claim 19 A capacitor in accordance with Claim 1.
Claim 20
Dependent Claim
29 words
Claim 20 An electrical energy storage device in accordance with Claim 1 wherein the voltammogram has a "mirror image" charge/ discharge trace of substantially varying height at different voltages.
Claim 21
Dependent Claim
140 words
Claim 21 The process for storing electrical energy in an electrochemical device comprising positive and negative electrodes, electrolyte, and a container therefore wherein at least one of the electrodes is composed of a material selected from the group consisting of the oxides of ruthenium, rhodium, tantalum, cobalt, iridium, molybdenum, nickel, vanadium, and tungsten, their metals, sulfides, hydrides, nitrides, phosphides, selenides, the sulfides of iron and lead, and mixtures thereof, said materials having a voltammogram whose charge/discharge curve trace sections are in substantially "mirror image" form which comprises: 1. charging the device by introducing an electrical current through the electrodes, 2. maintaining the potential on the device below the continuous reaction voltage of the system employed, until the desired charge is obtained,, 3. discharging the stored electrical energy in the system designed for the desired application or use of the electricity.
Claim 22
Dependent Claim
26 words
Claim 22 The process of Claim 21 comprising repeating the charge cycle after discharge in order to recharge the device for its continuous or subsequent use.
Claim 23
Dependent Claim
14 words
Claim 23 The process of Claim 21 wherein the said materials exhibit pseudocapacitive characteristics.
Claim 24
Dependent Claim
40 words
Claim 24 The process of Claim 21 wherein the voltammogram has a "mirror image" charge/discharge trace of substantially varying height at different voltages, and wherein the device is operated at different voltage levels to control the electric energy storage capacity.
Claim 25
Dependent Claim
74 words
Claim 25 An electrical energy device which is a rechargeable electrochemical cell or plurality of cells comprising at least two electrodes, an electrolyte, and a container therefore wherein at least one electrode can be characterized by having as its active electrochemical material a metal, a metal compound, or a mixture of metals, and/or compounds which, in combination with the electrolyte, exhibits one or more of the characteristics of pseudocapacitance, "kinetic reversibility," or "coulombic reversibility."
Claim 26
Dependent Claim
34 words
Claim 26 An electrical energy device in accordance with Claim 25 wherein at least one electrode, in combination with a suitable electrolyte, can be characterized by having a combination of pseudocapacitance and "kinetic reversibility."
Claim 27
Dependent Claim
34 words
Claim 27 An electrical energy device in accordance with Claim 25 wherein at least one electrode, in combination with a suitable electrolyte, can be characterized by having a combination of pseudocapacitance and "coulombic reversibility."
References Cited (Backward Citations)
No citation records indexed.
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